6月英语四级考试真题试卷及答案(合集七篇)

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6月英语四级考试真题试卷及答案1

12月英语四级阅读真题

Passage One

Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.

The fifth largest city in US passed a significant soda tax proposal that will levy (征税)1.5 cents per liquid ounce on distributors.

Philadelphil"s new measure was approved by a 13 to 4 city council vote. It sets a new bar for similar initiatives across the country. It is proof that taxes on sugary drinks can win substantial support outside super-liberal areas. Until now, the only city to successfully pass and implement a soda tax was Berkeley, California, in .

The tax will apply to regular and diet sodas, as well as other drinks with adder sugar, such as Gatorade and iced teas. It"s expected to raise $410 million over the next five years, most of which will go toward funding a universal pre-kindergarten program for the city.

While the city council vote was met with applause inside the council room, opponents to the measure, including soda lobbyists, made sharp criticisms and a promise to challenge the tax in court.

“The tax passed today unfairly singles out beverages — including low —and no-calorie choices,” said Lauren Kane, spokeswoman for the American Beverage Association. “But most importantly, it is against the law. So we will side with the majority of the people of Philadelphia who oppose this tax and take legal action to stop it.”

An industry-backed anti-tax campaign has spent at least $4 million on advertisements. The ads criticized the measure, characterizing it as a “grocery tax”.

Public health groups applauded the approved tax as step toward fixing certain lasting health issues that plague Americans. “The move to recapture a small part of the profits from an industry that pushed a product that contributes to diabetes, obesity and heart disease in poorer communities in order to reinvest in those communities will sure be inspirational to many other places,” said Jim Krieger, executive director of Healthy Food America. “indeed, we are already hearing from some of them. It"s not "just Berkeley" anymore.”

Similar measures in California"s Albany, Oakland, San Francisco and Colorado"s Boulder are becoming hot-button issues. Health advocacy groups have hinted that even more might be coming.

46. What does the passage say about the newly-approved soda tax in Philadelphia?

A) It will change the lifestyle of many consumers.

B) It may encourage other US cities to fllow suit.

C) It will cut soda consumption among low-income communities.

D) It may influence the marketing strategies of the soda business.

47. What will the opponents probably do to respond to the soda tax proposal?

A) Bargain with the city council.

B) Refuse to pay additional tax.

C) Take legal action against it.

D) Try to win public support.

48. What did the industry-backed anti-tax campaign do about the soda tax proposal?

A) It tried to arouse hostile felings among consumers.

B) It tried to win grocers" support against the measure.

C) It kept sending ltters of protest to the media.

D) It criticized the measure through advertising.

49. What did public health groups think the soda tax would do?

A) Alert people to the risk of sugar-induced diseases.

B) Help people to fix certain long-time health issues.

C) Add to the fund for their rescarch on discases.

D) Benefit low-income people across the country.

50. What do we lear about similar measures concening the soda tax in some other citics?

A) They are becoming rather sensitive issues.

B) They are spreading panic in the soda industry.

C) They are reducing the incidence of sugar-induced diseases.

D) They are taking away a lot of proft from the soda industry.

Passage Two

Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.

Popping food into the microwave for a couple of minutes may seem utterly harmless, and Europe"s stock of these quick-cooking ovens emit as much carbon as nearly 7million cars, a new study has found, and the problem is growing. With costs falling and kitchen appliances becoming “status” users, owners are throwing many microwave after an average of eight years. This is pushing sales of new microwave which are expected to reach 135 million annually in the EU by the end of the decade.

A study by the University of Manchester worked out the emissions of carbon dioxide -- the main greenhouse gas responsible for climate change -- at every stage of microwaves, from manufacture to waste disposal. “It is electricity consumption by microwaves that has the biggest impact on the environment,” say the authors, who also calculate that the emissions from using 19 microwaves over a year are the same as those from a car. According to the same study, efforts to reduce consumption should focus on improving consumer awareness and behaviour to use appliances more efficiently. For example, electricity consumption by microwaves can be reduced by adjusting the time of cooking to the type of food.“

However, David Reay, professor of carbon management argues that, although microwaves use a great deal of enery, their emissions are minor compared to those from cars. In the UK alone and these emit way more than all the emissions from microwaves in the EU. Backing this up, recent data show that passenger cars in the UK emitted 69m tonnes of CO2 in . This is 10 times the amount this new microwave oven study estimates for annual emissions for all the microwave ovens in the whole of the EU.” further, the energy used by microwaves is lower than any other form of cooking. Among common kitchen appliances used for cooking, microwaves are the most energy efficient, followed by a stove and finally a standard oven. Thus, rising microwave sales could be seen as a positive thing.

51. What is the finding of the new study?

A) Quick-cooking microwave ovens have become more popular.

B) The frequent use of microwaves may do harm to our health.

C) CO2 emissions constitute a major threat to the environment.

D) The use of microwaves emits more CO2 than people think.

52. Why are the sales of microwaves expected to rise?

A) They are becoming more afrdabla.

B) They have a shorter life cycle than other appliances.

C) They are gtting much easier to operate.

D) They take less tine to cook than other ppliaces.

53. What recommendation does the study by the University of Manchester make?

A) Cooking food of dfferent varieties.

B) Improving microwave users" habits.

C) Eating less to cut energy consumption.

D) Using microwave ovens less frequently.

54. What does Professor David Reay try to argue?

A) There are far more emissions from cars than from microwaves.

B) People should be persuaded into using passenger cars less often.

C) The UK produces less CO2 than many other countries in the EU.

D) More data are needed to show whether microwaves are harmful.

55. What does Professor David Reay think of the use of microwaves?

A) It will become less popular in the coming decades.

B) It makes everyday cooking much more convenient.

C) It plays a positive role in envronmental protection.

D) It consumes more power than conventional cooking.

答案

Passage one

46.B

47.C

48.D

49.B

50.A

Passage two

51.D

52.A

53.B

54.A

55.C

6月英语四级考试真题试卷

Part I Writing (30 minutes)

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the importance of speaking ability and how to develop it. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.

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Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)

Section A

Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.

Neon (霓虹) is to Hong Kong as red phone booths are to London and fog is to San Francisco. When night falls, red and blue and other colors 26 a hazy (雾蒙蒙的) glow over a city lit up by tens of thousands of neon signs. But many of them are going dark, 27 by more practical, but less romantic, LEDs (发光二极管).

Changing building codes, evolving tastes, and the high cost of maintaining those wonderful old signs have businesses embracing LEDs, which are energy 28 , but still carry great cost. “To me, neon represents memories of the past,” says photographer Sharon Blance, whose series Hong Kong Neon celebrates the city"s famous signs. “Looking at the signs now I get a feeling of amazement, mixed with sadness.”

Building a neon sign is an art practiced by 29 trained on the job to mold glass tubes into 30 shapes and letters. They fill these tubes with gases that glow when 31 . Neon makes orange, while other gases make yellow or blue. It takes many hours to craft a single sign.

Blance spent a week in Hong Kong and 32 more than 60 signs; 22 of them appear in the series that capture the signs lighting up lonely streets—an 33 that makes it easy to admire their colors and craftsmanship. “I love the beautiful, handcrafted, old-fashioned 34 of neon,” says Blance. The signs do nothing more than 35 a restaurant, theater, or other business, but do so in the most striking way possible.

A) alternative B) approach C) cast D) challenging E) decorative F) efficient G) electrified H) identify I) photographed J) professionals K) quality L) replaced M) stimulate N) symbolizes O) volunteers

Section B

Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.

New Jersey School District Eases Pressure on Students—Baring an Ethnic Divide

A) This fall, David Aderhold, the chief of a high-achieving school district near Princeton, New Jersey, sent parents an alarming 16-page letter. The school district, he said, was facing a crisis. Its students were overburdened and stressed out, having to cope with too much work and too many demands. In the previous school year, 120 middle and high school students were recommended for mental health assessments and 40 were hospitalized. And on a survey administered by the district, students wrote things like, “I hate going to school,” and “Coming out of 12 years in this district, I have learned one thing: that a grade, a percentage or even a point is to be valued over anything else.”

B) With his letter, Aderhold inserted West Windsor-Plainsboro Regional School District into a national discussion about the intense focus on achievement at elite schools, and whether it has gone too far. At follow-up meetings, he urged parents to join him in advocating a “whole child” approach to schooling that respects “social-emotional development” and “deep and meaningful learning” over academics alone. The alternative, he suggested, was to face the prospect of becoming another Palo Alto, California, where outsize stress on teenage students is believed to have contributed to a number of suicides in the last six years.

C) But instead of bringing families together, Aderhold"s letter revealed a divide in the district, which has 9,700 students, and one that broke down roughly along racial lines. On one side are white parents like Catherine Foley, a former president of the Parent-Teacher-Student Association at her daughter"s middle school, who has come to see the district"s increasingly pressured atmosphere as opposed to learning. “My son was in fourth grade and told me, "I"m not going to amount to anything because I have nothing to put on my resume,"” she said. On the other side are parents like Mike Jia, one of the thousands of Asian-American professionals who have moved to the district in the past decade, who said Aderhold"s reforms would amount to a “dumbing down” of his children"s education. “What is happening here reflects a national anti-intellectual trend that will not prepare our children for the future,” Jia said.

D) About 10 minutes from Princeton and an hour and a half from New York City, West Windsor and Plainsboro have become popular bedroom communities for technology entrepreneurs, researchers and engineers, drawn in large part by the public schools. From the last three graduating classes, 16 seniors were admitted to MIT. It produces Science Olympiad winners, classically trained musicians and students with perfect SAT scores.

E) The district has become increasingly popular with immigrant families from China, India and Korea. This year, 65 percent of its students are Asian-American, compared with 44 percent in 2007. Many of them are the first in their families born in the United States. They have had a growing influence on the district. Asian-American parents are enthusiastic supporters of the competitive instrumental music program. They have been huge supporters of the district"s advanced mathematics program, which once began in the fourth grade but will now start in the sixth. The change to the program, in which 90 percent of the participating students are Asian-American, is one of Aderhold"s reforms.

F) Asian-American students have been eager participants in a state program that permits them to take summer classes off campus for high school credit, allowing them to maximize the number of honors and Advanced Placement classes they can take, another practice that Aderhold is limiting this school year. With many Asian-American children attending supplementary instructional programs, there is a perception among some white families that the elementary school curriculum is being sped up to accommodate them.

G) Both Asian-American and white families say the tension between the two groups has grown steadily over the past few years, as the number of Asian families has risen. But the division has become more obvious in recent months as Aderhold has made changes, including no-homework nights, an end to high school midterms and finals, and an initiative that made it easier to participate in the music program.

H) Jennifer Lee, professor of sociology at the University of California, Irvine, and an author of the Asian American Achievement Paradox, says misunderstanding between first-generation Asian-American parents and those who have been in this country longer are common. What white middle-class parents do not always understand, she said, is how much pressure recent immigrants feel to boost their children into the middle class. “They don"t have the same chances to get their children internships (实习职位) or jobs at law firms,” Lee said. “So what they believe is that their children must excel and beat their white peers in academic settings so they have the same chances to excel later. ”

I) The issue of the stresses felt by students in elite school districts has gained attention in recent years as schools in places like Newton, Massachusetts, and Palo Alto have reported a number of suicides. West Windsor-Plainsboro has not had a teenage suicide in recent years, but Aderhold, who has worked in the district for seven years and been chief for the last three years, said he had seen troubling signs. In a recent art assignments, a middle school student depicted (描绘) an overburdened child who was being scolded for earning an A, rather than an A+ , on a math exam. In the image, the mother scolds the student with the words, “Shame on you!” Further, he said, the New Jersey Education Department has flagged at least two pieces of writing on state English language assessments in which students expressed suicidal thoughts.

J) The survey commissioned by the district found that 68 percent of high school honor and Advanced Placement students reported feeling stressed about school “always or most of the time.” “We need to bring back some balance,” Aderhold said. “You don"t want to wait until it"s too late to do something. ”

K) Not all public opinion has fallen along racial lines. Karen Sue, the Chinese-American mother of a fifth-grader and an eighth-grader, believes the competition within the district has gotten out of control. Sue, who was born in the United States to immigrant parents, wants her peers to dial it back. “It"s become an arms race, an educational arms race,” she said. “We all want our kids to achieve and be successful. The question is, at what cost?”

36. Aderhold is limiting the extra classes that students are allowed to take off campus.

37. White and Asian-American parents responded differently to Aderhold"s appeal.

38. Suicidal thoughts have appeared in some students" writings.

39. Aderhold"s reform of the advanced mathematics program will affect Asian-American students most.

40. Aderhold appealed for parents" support in promoting an all-round development of children, instead of focusing only on their academic performance.

41. One Chinese-American parent thinks the competition in the district has gone too far.

42. Immigrant parents believe that academic excellence will allow their children equal chances to succeed in the future.

43. Many businessmen and professionals have moved to West Windsor and Plainsboro because of the public schools there.

44. A number of students in Aderhold"s school district were found to have stress-induced mental health problems.

45. The tension between Asian-American and white families has increased in recent years.

Section C

Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

Passage One

Questions 46 and 50 are based on the following passage.

For thousands of years, people have known that the best way to understand a concept is to explain it to someone else. “While we teach, we learn,” said Roman philosopher Seneca. Now scientists are bringing this ancient wisdom up-to-date. They"re documenting why teaching is such a fruitful way to learn, and designing innovative ways for young people to engage in instruction.

Researchers have found that students who sign up to tutor others work harder to understand the material, recall it more accurately and apply it more effectively. Student teachers score higher on tests than pupils who"re learning only for their own sake. But how can children, still learning themselves, teach others? One answer: They can tutor younger kids. Some studies have found that first-born children are more intelligent than their later-born siblings (兄弟姐妹). This suggests their higher IQs result from the time they spend teaching their siblings. Now educators are experimenting with ways to apply this model to academic subjects. They engage college undergraduates to teach computer science to high school students, who in turn instruct middle school students on the topic.

But the most cutting-edge tool under development is the “teachable agent”—a computerized character who learns, tries, makes mistakes and asks questions just like a real-world pupil. Computer scientists have created an animated (动画的) figure called Betty"s Brain, who has been “taught” about environmental science by hundreds of middle school students. Student teachers are motivated to help Betty master certain materials. While preparing to teach, they organize their knowledge and improve their own understanding. And as they explain the information to it, they identify problems in their own thinking.

Feedback from the teachable agents further enhances the tutors" learning. The agents" questions compel student tutors to think and explain the materials in different ways, and watching the agent solve problems allows them to see their knowledge put into action.

Above all, it"s the emotions one experiences in teaching that facilitate learning. Student tutors feel upset when their teachable agents fail, but happy when these virtual pupils succeed as they derive pride and satisfaction from someone else"s accomplishment.

46. What are researchers rediscovering through their studies?

A) Seneca"s thinking is still applicable today.

B) Better learners will become better teachers.

C) Human intelligence tends to grow with age.

D) Philosophical thinking improves instruction.

47. What do we learn about Betty"s Brain?

A) It is a character in a popular animation.

B) It is a teaching tool under development.

C) It is a cutting-edge app in digital games.

D) It is a tutor for computer science students.

48. How does teaching others benefit student tutors?

A) It makes them aware of what they are strong at.

B) It motivates them to try novel ways of teaching.

C) It helps them learn their academic subjects better.

D) It enables them to better understand their teachers.

49. What do students do to teach their teachable agents?

A) They motivate them to think independently.

B) They ask them to design their own questions.

C) They encourage them to give prompt feedback.

D) They use various ways to explain the materials.

50. What is the key factor that eases student tutors" learning?

A) Their sense of responsibility.

B) Their emotional involvement.

C) The learning strategy acquired.

D) The teaching experience gained.

Passage Two

Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.

A new batch of young women—members of the so-called Millennial (千禧的) generation—has been entering the workforce for the past decade. At the starting line of their careers, they are better educated than their mothers and grandmothers had been—or than their young male counterparts are now. But when they look ahead, they see roadblocks to their success. They believe that women are paid less than men for doing the same job. They think it"s easier for men to get top executive jobs than it is for them. And they assume that if and when they have children, it will be even harder for them to advance in their careers.

While the public sees greater workplace equality between men and women now than it did 20-30 years ago, most believe more change is needed. Among Millennial women, 75% say this country needs to continue making changes to achieve gender equality in the workplace, compared with 57% of Millennial men. Even so, relatively few young women (15%) say they have been discriminated against at work because of their gender.

As Millennial women come of age they share many of the same views and values about work as their male counterparts. They want jobs that provide security and flexibility, and they place relatively little importance on high pay. At the same time, however, young working women are less likely than men to aim at top management jobs: 34% say they"re not interested in becoming a boss or top manager; only 24% of young men say the same. The gender gap on this question is even wider among working adults in their 30s and 40s, when many women face the trade-offs that go with work and motherhood.

These findings are based on a new Pew Research Center survey of 2,002 adults, including 810 Millennials (ages 18-32), conducted Oct. 7-27, . The survey finds that, in spite of the dramatic gains women have made in educational attainment and labor force participation in recent decades, young women view this as a man"s world—just as middle-aged and older women do.

51. What do we learn from the first paragraph about Millennial women starting their careers?

A) They can get ahead only by striving harder.

B) They expect to succeed just like Millennial men.

C) They are generally quite optimistic about their future.

D) They are better educated than their male counterparts.

52. How do most Millennial women feel about their treatment in the workplace?

A) They are the target of discrimination.

B) They find it satisfactory on the whole.

C) They think it needs further improving.

D) They find their complaints ignored.

53. What do Millennial women value most when coming of age?

A) A sense of accomplishment.

B) Job stability and flexibility.

C) Rewards and promotions.

D) Joy derived from work.

54. What are women in their 30s and 40s concerned about?

A) The welfare of their children.

B) The narrowing of the gender gap.

C) The fulfillment of their dreams in life.

D) The balance between work and family.

55. What conclusion can be drawn about Millennial women from the 2013 survey?

A) They still view this world as one dominated by males.

B) They account for half the workforce in the job market.

C) They see the world differently from older generations.

D) They do better in work than their male counterparts.

Part IV Translation (30 minutes)

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.

近年来，中国有越来越多的城市开始建设地铁。发展地铁有助于减少城市的交通拥堵和空气污染。 地铁具有安全、快捷和舒适的优点。越来越多的人选择地铁作为每天上班或上学的主要交通工具。如今，在中国乘坐地铁正变得越来越方便。在有些城市里，乘客只需用卡或手机就可以乘坐地铁。许多当地老年市民还可以免费乘坐地铁。

Part Ⅰ Writing

The Importance of Speaking Ability and How to Develop It

As we all know, proficiency in speaking is necessary for us to become well-rounded communicators. However, the capacity to put words together in a meaningful way to reflect thoughts, opinions, and feelings is not something we"re born with but needs some techniques and practice.

Firstly, build confidence and concentrate on getting our message across, which help us gain the attention of the audience return. Secondly, experiment with the things we know well instead of challenging ourselves with difficult words since fluency appears more important during oral communication. Lastly, create some opportunities to practice like narrating our daily life to ourselves or maintaining a regular chat with friends.

To sum up, only by being confident enough and using efficient methods can we enhance our speaking ability. Follow the steps to improve our speaking skills in order to achieve a higher standard in communication.

Part Ⅱ Listening Comprehension

说明：由于206月四级考试全国共考了两套听力, 本套真题听力与前两套内容相同, 只是选项顺序不同, 因此在本套真题中不再重复出现。

Part III Reading Comprehension

26-35: CLFJE GIBKH

36-45: FCIEB KHDAG

46-55: ABCDB DCBDA

Part IV Translation

In recent years, more and more cities in China have begun to build subways. The development of subways can help reduce traffic congestion and air pollution in cities. The subway has the advantages of safety, speed and comfort. More and more people choose the subway as the main means of transportation to work or school every day. Nowadays, it is becoming more and more convenient to take the subway in China. In some cities, passengers can use a card or a mobile phone to take the subway. Many local elderly citizens can also take the subway for free.

6月英语四级考试真题试卷及答案2

Part Ⅰ Writing (30minutes)

Directions: Forthis part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled ExcessivePackaging following the outline given below. You should write at least 120words but no more than 180 words.

1.目前许多商品存在过度包装的现象

2.出现这一现象的原因

3.我对这一现象的看法和建议

On ExcessivePackaging

Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension (Skimming andScanning)(15minutes)

Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes togo over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer sheet 1. Forquestions 1-7,choose the best answer from the four choices marked A) ，B) ，C) and D) . For questions 8-10, completethe sentences with the information given in the passage.

Small Schools Rising

This year’s list of the top 100 high schools showsthat today, those with fewer students are flourishing.

Fifty years ago, they were the latest thing ineducational reform: big, modern, suburban high schools with students counted inthe thousands. As baby boomers(二战后婴儿潮时期出生的`人) came of high-school age, big schoolspromised economic efficiency. A greater choice of courses, and, of course,better football teams. Only years later did we understand the trade-offs thisinvolved: the creation of excessive bureaucracies(官僚机构)，the difficulty of forging personalconnections between teachers and students.SAT scores began dropping in 1963;today,on average,30% of students do not complete high school in four years, afigure that rises to 50% in poor urban neighborhoods. While the emphasis onteaching to higher, test-driven standards as set in No Child Left Behindresulted in significantly better performance in elementary (and some middle)schools, high schools for a variety of reasons seemed to have made little progress.

Size isn’t everything, but it does matter, and thepast decade has seen a noticeable countertrend toward smaller schools. This hasbeen due, in part, to the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, which has invested$1.8 billion in American high schools, helping to open about 1,000 smallschools-most of them with about 400 kids each with an average enrollment ofonly 150 per grade, About 500 more are on the drawing board. Districts all overthe country are taking notice, along with mayors in cities like New York,Chicago and San Diego. The movement includes independent public charterschools, such as No.1 BASIS in Tucson, with only 120 high-schoolers and 18graduates this year. It embraces district-sanctioned magnet schools, such asthe Talented and Gifted School, with 198 students, and the Science andEngineering Magnet, with383, which share a building in Dallas, as well as theCity Honors School in Buffalo, N.Y., which grew out of volunteer eveningseminars for students. And it includes alternative schools with studentsselected by lottery(抽签)，such asH-B Woodlawn in Arlington, Va. And most noticeable of all, there is thephenomenon of large urban and suburban high schools that have split up intosmaller units of a few hundred, generally housed in the same grounds that onceboasted thousands of students all marching to the same band.

Hillsdale High School in San Mateo, Calif, is one ofthose, ranking No.423―among the top 2% in the country―on Newsweek’s annualranking of America’s top high schools. The success of small schools is apparentin the listings. Ten years ago, when the first Newsweek list based oncollege-level test participation was published, only three of the top 100schools had graduating Classes smaller than 100 students. This year there are 22.Nearly 250 schools on the full, Newsweek list of the top 5% of schoolsnationally had fewer than 200 graduates in .

Although many of Hillsdale’s students came fromwealthy households, by the late 1990 average test scores were sliding and ithad earned the unaffectionate nickname (绰号)“Hillsjail. ” Jeff Gilbert. A Hillsdale teacher who became principal last year,remembers sitting with other teachers watching students file out of agraduation ceremony and asking one another in astonishment, “How did thatstudent graduate?”

So in Hillsdale remade itself into three“houses,” romantically named Florence, Marrakech and Kyoto. Each of the 300arriving ninth graders are randomly(随机地)assigned to one of the houses. Where they will keep the same four core subjectteachers for two years, before moving on to another for 11th and 12th grades.The closeness this system cultivates is reinforced by the institution of“advisory” classes Teachers meet with students in groups of 25, five mornings aweek, for open-ended discussions of everything from homework problems to badSaturday-night dates. The advisers also meet with students privately and stayin touch with parents, so they are deeply invested in the students’success.“We’re constantly talking about one another’s advisers,” says Englishteacher Chris Crockett. “If you hear that yours isn’t doing well in math, orsee them sitting outside the dean’s office, it’s like a personal failure.”Along with the new structure came a more demanding academic program, the percentageof freshmen taking biology jumped from 17 to 95.“It was rough for some. But bysenior year, two-thirds have moved up to physics,” says Gilbert “Our kids arecoming to school in part because they know there are adults here who know themand care for them.”But not all schools show advances after downsizing, and itremains to be seen whether smaller schools will be a cure-all solution.

The Newsweek list of top U.S. high schools was madethis year, as in years past, according to a single metric, the proportion ofstudents taking college-level exams. Over the years this system has come in forits share of criticism for its simplicity. But that is also its strength: it’seasy for readers to understand, and to do the arithmetic for their own schoolsif they’d like.

Ranking schools is always controversial, and this yeara group of 38 superintendents(地区教育主管)from five states wrote to ask that theirschools be excluded from the calculation.“It is impossible to know which highschools are ‘the best’ in the nation,”their letter read. In part. “Determiningwhether different schools do or don’t offer a high quality of educationrequires a look at many different measures, including students’ overallacademic accomplishments and their subsequent performance in college. Andtaking into consideration the unique needs of their communities.”

In the end, the superintendents agreed to provide thedata we sought, which is, after all, public information. There is, in our view,no real dispute here, we are all seeking the same thing, which is schools thatbetter serve our children and our nation by encouraging students to tackletough subjects under the guidance of gifted teachers. And if we keep workingtoward that goal, someday, perhaps a list won’t be necessary.

注意：此部分试题请在答卡1上作答.

1. Fifty yearsago. big. Modern. Suburban high schools were established in the hope of__________.

A) ensuring nochild is left behind

B) increasingeconomic efficiency

C) improvingstudents’ performance on SAT

D) providing goodeducation for baby boomers

2. What happenedas a result of setting up big schools?

A) Teachers’workload increased.

B) Students’performance declined.

C) Administrationbecame centralized.

D) Studentsfocused more on test scores.

3. What is saidabout the schools forded by the Bill and Melinda Gates foundation?

A) They areusually magnet schools.

B) They are oftenlocated in poor neighborhoods.

C) They arepopular with high-achieving students.

D) They are mostlysmall in size.

4. What is mostnoticeable about the current trend in high school education?

A) Some largeschools have split up into smaller ones.

B) A great varietyof schools have sprung up in urban and suburban areas.

C) Many schoolscompete for the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation funds.

D) Students haveto meet higher academic standards.

5. Newsweek rankedhigh schools according to___

A) their students’academic achievement

B) the number oftheir students admitted to college

C) the size andnumber of their graduating classes

D) theircollege-level test participation

6. What can welearn about Hillsdale’s students in the late 1990s?

A) They were madeto study hard like prisoners.

B) They calledeach other by unaffectionate nicknames.

C) Most of themdid not have any sense of discipline,

D) Their schoolperformance was getting worse.

7. According toJeff Gilbert, the “advisory” classes at Hillsdale were set up so that students could.

A) tell theirteachers what they did on weekends

B) experience agreat deal of pleasure in learning

C) maintain closerrelationships with their teachers

D) tackle thedemanding biology and physics courses

8. is stillconsidered a strength of Newsweek’s school ranking system in spite of thecriticism it receives_________.

9. According tothe 38 superintendents, to rank schools scientifically, it is necessary touse_________.

10. To betterserve the children and our nation, schools students to take_________ .

Part Ⅲ Listening Comprehension (35minutes)

Section A

Directions: in this section you will hear 8 short conversations;one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversationand the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be apause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A) 、B) 、C) and D) 、and decidewhich is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer sheet 2with a single line through the centre.

注意：此部分试题请在答案卡2上作案。

11. A) Trying tosketch a map C) Discussing a house plan.

B) Painting the dining room. D) Cleaning the kitchen.

12. A) She istired of the food in the canteen.

B) She often eatsin a French restaurant.

C) She usuallytakes a snack in the KFC.

D) She in veryfussy about what she eats.

13.A) Listening tosome loud music. C) Talking loudly on the telephone.

B) Preparing foras oral examination. D) Practicing for a speech contest.

14. A) The man hasleft a good impression on her family.

B) The man candress casually for the occasion.

C) The man shouldbuy himself a new suit.

D) The man’s jeansand T-shirts are stylish.

15. A) Grey pantsmade from pure cotton. C) 100% cotton pants in dark blue.

B) Fashionablepants in bright colors. D) Something to match her brown pants.

16. A) Its price. C)Its comfort.

B) Its location D)Its facilities.

17. A) Traveloverseas. C) Take a photo.

B) Look for a newjob. D) Adopt a child.

18. A) It is aroutine offer. C) It is quite healthy.

B) It is new onthe menu. D) It is a good bargain.

Questions 19 to 22are based on the conversation you.

19. A) Hosting anevening TV program. C) Lecturing on business management.

B) Having herbicycle repaired. D) Conducting a market survey.

20. A) He repairedbicycles. C) He worked as a salesman.

B) He served as aconsultant. D) He coached in a racing club.

21. A) He wantedto be his own boss.

B) He found it moreprofitable

C) He didn’t wantto start from scratch.

D) He didn’t wantto be in too much debt.

22. A) They workfive days a week. C) They are paid by the hour.

B) They are allthe man’s friends. D) They all enjoy gambling.

Questions 23 to 25are based on the conversation you have just heard.

23. A) It hasgradually given way to service industry.

B) It remains amajor part of industrial activity.

C) It has ahistory as long as paper processing.

D) It accounts for80 percent of the region’s GDP.

24. A) Transportproblems. C) Lack of resources.

B) Shortage offunding. D) Poor management.

25. A) Competitionfrom rival companies. C) Possible locations for a new factory

B) Productpromotion campaigns. D) Measures to create job opportunities.

Section B

Directions: Inthis section you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, youwill hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spokenonly once After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from thefour choices marked A) ,B) ,C) and D) .Then mark the corresponding letter onAnswer sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

Passage One

Questions 26 to 28are based on the passage you have just heard.

26. A) They sharedmutual friends in school.

B) They had knowneach other since childhood.

C) They sharedmany extracurricular activities.

D) They had manyinterests in common.

27. A) At a localclub. B) At the sports center.

B) At Joe’s house.D) At the bearing school.

28. A) Durable friendshipscan be very difficult to maintain

B) One has to berespectful of other people in order to win respect.

C) It is hard forpeople from different backgrounds to become friends

D) Socialdivisions will break down if people get to know each other

Passage Two

Questions 29 to 31are based as the passage you have just heart.

29. A) Near theentrance of a park. C) At a parking meter.

B) In hisbuilding’s parking lot D) At a street corner.

30. A) It had beentaken by the police C) It had been stolen by someone.

B) It had beenmoved to the next block. D) It had been parked at a wrong place

31. A) At theGreenville center. C) In a neighboring town.

B) At a publicparking lot. D) In the city garage.

Passage Three

Questions 32 to 35are based on the passage you have just heard.

32. A) Famouscreative individuals. C) A major scientific discovery.

B) Themysteriousness of creativity. D) Creativity as shown in arts.

33. A) It issomething people all engage in. C) It starts soon after we are born.

B) It helps peopleacquire knowledge. D) It is the source of all artistic work.

34. A) Creativeimagination. C) Natural curiosity.

B) Logicalreasoning D) Critical thinking.

35. A) It isbeyond ordinary people. C) It is part of everyday life.

B) It is yet to befully understood. D) It is a unique human trait.

Section C

Directions: In this section, you will hear a passagethree times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listencarefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time,you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exactwords you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are requiredto fill in the missing information. For these blanks you can other use the exactwords you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words.Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what youhave written.

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

Students have been complaining more and more aboutstolen property. Radios, cell phones, bicycles, pocket (36), and books have allbeen reported stolen. Are there enough campus police to do the job?

There are 20officers in the Campus Security Division Their job is to (37) crime, accidentslost and found (38) ,and traffic problems on campus. More than half of theirtime is spent directing traffic and writing parking tickets.(39) promptly toaccidents and other(40) is important, but it is their smallest job.

Dealing with crimetakes up the rest of their time. Very (41) do any violent crimes actually (42).In the last five years there have been no(43) .seven robberies and about 60other violent attacks, most of these involving fights at parties. On the otherhand, (44), which usually involves breaking windows or lights or writing onwalls. The thefts are not the carefully planned burglaries(入室盗窃)that you see in movies.(45)______ Do we reallyneed more police? Hiring more campus police would cost money, possibly makingour tuition go up again. (46)________

短对话：

11:

M: As you can see from the drawings, the kitchen has one door into the diningroom, another into the family room and a third to the outside.

W: The door into the family room isn’t big enough. Could it be made wider?

Q: What are the speakers doing?

12.

M: I’m thinking about where to go for a bite tonight. Any suggestions, Barbara?

W: Well, how about the French restaurant near the KFC? Frankly, I’ve had enoughof our canteen food.

Q: What do we learn about the woman?

13.

W: Hey, if you can’t enjoy the music at a sensible volume, why not use earphones?I’m preparing for the speech contest.

M: Oh, sorry. I didn’t realize I’ve being bothering you all this time.

Q: What is the man probably doing?

14.

M: Finally, I’ve got the chance to put on my new suit tonight. I hope to make agood impression on your family.

W: Come on! It’s only a family reunion. So jeans and T-shirts are just fine.

Q: What does the woman mean?

15.

M: Would you like to see those pants in brown and navy blue? These two colorsare coming in this season.

W: Oh, actually grey is my favorite color, but I prefer something made fromcotton, 100% cotton I mean.

Q: What is the woman looking for?

16.

W: From here, the mountains look as if you could just reach out and touch them.

M: That’s why I chose this lodge. It has one of the best views in Switzerland.

Q: What is the man’s chief consideration in choosing the lodge?

17.

M: What do I have to do to apply for a passport?

W: You need proof of citizenship, either an old passport or a birth certificateand three photographs. Then you must complete this form and pay a fee.

Q: What is the man most probably going to do?

18.

M: Miss, can I interest you in a pork special with serving tonight? It’s only799, half the usual price and it’s very tasty.

W: Oh really? I will try it.

Q: What does the man say about the dish?

长对话：

Conversation 1

W：Good evening andwelcome to this week’s Business World, the program for and about businesspeople. Tonight, we have Mr. Steven Kayne, who has just taken over andestablished bicycle shop. Tell us, Mr. Kayne, what made you want to run yourown store?

M: Well, I always loved racing bikes and fixing them. When I was workingfull-time as a salesman for a big company, I seldom had time to enjoy my hobby.I knew then that as soon as I had enough money to get my own business going,I’ll do it. I had my heart set on it and I didn’t let anything stand in my way.When I went down to the bank and got a business loan, I knew I’d love being myown boss. Now my time is my own. I open the store when I want and leave when Iwant.

W: You mean you don’t keep regular hours?

M: Well, the sign on my store says the hours are ten to six, but if business isslower than usual, I can just lock up and take off early.

W: Have you hired any employees to work with you yet?

M: Yeah, a couple of friends of mine who love biking as much as I do. They helpme out a few days a week. It’s great because we play cards or just sit aroundand talk when there are no customers.

W: Thank you, Mr. Kayne. We wish you success in your new business.

Question 19-22 are based on theconversation you have just heard.

19. What is the woman doing?

20. What did Mr. Kayne do before he took over the bicycle shop?

21. Why did the man take over a bicycle shop?

22. What do we learn about the people working in the shop?

Conversation 2

W: Well, the main activities in the region were historically steel and paperprocessing, I think.

M: Yes, but I’m not quite sure about the status of those industries now. Couldyou tell us something about that?

W: Yes, of course. In fact, they are less significant, but steel-relatedmanufacturing still accounts for 44% of industrial activity. So it’s still veryimportant. In fact, 80% of Spain’s machine tools are from the Basque Country.As for paper processing, there’s still a little. But it’s no longer what itonce was in the region. So, is that clear?

M: Yes, thanks.

W: Now, to get back to what I was saying, there’s a lot of unemployment as wellas geographical problems in the region.

M: Sorry, Victoria. What do you mean by geographical problems?

W: Well, what I mean is the area is very hilly, mountainous in parts. So thereused to be transport problems, now though there are new train links and betterroads, but it may be that some smaller towns inland remain not very wellconnected, is that OK? Does that make sense? When we talk about specificlocation suggestions for the factory, we’ll see this in more detail, so we’llcome back to this question, OK?

M: OK, right.

W: So I was about to say something about the work force in the region and thelevel of training and education. In general, it’s very good and improving.

Question 23-25 are based on theconversation you have just heard.

23. What does the woman say about the steel-related manufacturing in theregion?

24. What problem hinders the region’s development?

25. What will the speakers discuss later?

短文：

Passage 1

I first met Joe Ganz when we were both nine years old, which is probably theonly reason he’s one of my best friends. If I had first met Joe as a freshmanin high school we wouldn’t even have had the chance to get to know each other.Joe is a day student, but I am a boarding student. We haven’t been in sameclasses, sports or extra-curricular activities. Nonetheless, I spend nearlyevery weekend at his house and we talk on the phone every night. This is not tosay that we would not have been compatible if we had first met in our freshmanyear. Rather, we would not have been likely to spend enough time getting toknow each other due to the lack of immediately visible mutual interests. Infact, to be honest, I struggle even now to think of things we have in common.But maybe that’s what makes us enjoy each other’s company so much. When I lookat my friendship with Joe, I wonder how many people I’ve known whom I neverdisliked, but simply didn’t take the time to get to know. Thanks to Joe, I haverealized how little basis there is for the social divisions that exist in everycommunity. Since this realization, I have begun to make an even more determinedeffort to find friends in unexpected people and places.

Q:

26: Why does the speaker say Joe Ganz became one of his best friends?

27: Where does the speaker spend most of his weekends?

28: What has the speaker learned from his friendship with Joe?

Passage 2

It was a bad night for Lewis. His research in the neighboring town has takenlonger than he expected. It was late and he was very tired when he drove home.He turned into his building’s parking lot, but all the spaces were full. Hedrove back out onto the street, looking for a parking space. The first block wasfull. The next block was almost empty. Lewis didn’t see a “no parking” sign,but he has expected that his parking were allowed there. Most the spaces wouldbe filled. Then he saw a small parking lot with two free spaces. He was so gladto see them that he didn’t even think to read the sign by the entrance. Hedrove in, parked and hurried home to go to bed. The next morning he went backto the lot to get his car. It was gone. He ran home and telephoned the citypolice to say that his car had been stolen. It took the police only a minute totell him what had happened: his car had been on a private lot. It had beentaken away by the police. Lewis had to take a taxi to visit the city garage farfrom the city center. He had to pay a fee of 40 dollars to get his car back. Inaddition, he got a parking ticket, his first one ever in Greenville.

Q:

29: Where did Lewis intend to park his car when he came back from work onenight?

30: What did Lewis think had happened to his car the next morning?

31: Where did Lewis finally get his car back?

Passage 3

Well, to pick up where we left off last time, I believe we agreed thatcreativity is a mysterious idea. It was those things we all recognize when wesee it, but we don’t really understand what it is. We seem to feel that somepeople are naturally creative, but we don’t know how they got that way. Iscreativity a natural gift like good looks, or is it something that can beacquired like knowledge? Perhaps if we analyze the creative process carefully,we might get some insight into what it is and how it might work in our lives.The creative process has always been accepted as the source of all importantwork in the arts, but we should not think the creativity plays a role only inthe arts. Every major scientific discovery began with someone imagining theworld to look differently from the way others saw it. And this is whatcreativity is all about -- imagining the world in a new way. And despite whatyou may believe about the limits of your own creative imaginations, we all havethe potential to imagine the world in an absolutely new way. In fact, you areborn with it. It is your birth right as a human being. And what’s more, you useit every day, almost every moment of your life. Your creative imagination iswhat you use to make sense of your experiences. It’s your creative mind thatgets meaning from chaos of experiences and brings order to your world.

32. What did the speaker mostprobably discuss last time?

33. What is the widely accepted idea about the creative process?

34. What leads to major scientific discoveries according to the speaker?

35. What does the speaker imply about the creative process?

复合式听写：

Students have been complainingmore and more about stolen property. Radios, cell phones, bicycles, pocketcalculators and books have all been reported stolen. Are there enough campuspolice to do the job? There are twenty officers in the campus securitydivision. Their job is to handle crime, accidents, lost-and-found items andtraffic problems on campus. More than half of their time is spent directingtraffic and writing parking tickets. Responding promptly to accidents and otheremergencies is important, but it is their smallest job. Dealing with crimetakes up the rest of their time. Very rarely do any violent crimes actuallyoccur. In the last five years. There have been no murders, seven robberies andabout 60 other violent attacks, most of these involving fights at parties. Onthe other hand, there have been hundreds of thefts and cases of deliberatedamaging of public property, which usually involves breaking windows or lightsor writing on walls. The thefts are not the carefully planned burglaries thatyou see in movies. Things get stolen when it’s easy to steal them, because theyare left lying around unwatched. Do we really need more police? Hiring morecampus police will cost money, possibly making our tuition go up again. Abetter way to solve this problem might be for all of us to be more careful withour things.

Part Ⅳ ReadingComprehension (Reading in depth)(25minntes)

Section A

Directions: Inthis section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to selectone word for each blank from a list of choices given in a ward bank Read thepassage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bankis identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each of themon Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any ofthe words in the bank more than once.

Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage,

One in six.Believe it or not, that’s the number of Americans who struggle with hanger. Tomake tomorrow a little better, Feeding Action Month. As part of its 30 Ways in30 Days program, it’s asking 48 across the country to help the more than 200food banks and 61,000 agencies in its network provide low-income individualsand families with the fuel they need to 49.

It’s the kind ofwork that’s done every day at St. Andrew’s Episcopal Church in San Antonio,People who 50 at its front door on the first and third Thursdays of each montharen’t looking for God-they’re there for something to eat, St. Andrew’s runs afood pantry(食品堂)that 51 the city and several of the 52towns. Janet Drane is its manager.

In the wake of the53 .the number of families in need of food assistance began to grow. It is 54that 49 million Americans are unsure of where they will find their next meal what’smost surprising is that 36% of them live in 55 where at least one adult is.Working. “It used to be that one job was all you needed.” says St. Andrew’sDrane. “The people we see now have three or four part-time jobs and they’restill right on the edge 56.”

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

A) surviveI)formally

B) surroundingJ)financially

C) servesK)domestic

D) reviewedL)competition

E) reportedM)communities

F) recessionN)circling

G) householdsO)accumulate

H) gather

Section B

Directions: thereare 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions orunfinished statements For each of them there are four choices marked A) ,B) ,C)and D) .You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letteron

Answer Sheer 2with a single line through the centre.

Passage One

Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.

In times ofeconomic crisis. Americans turn to their families for support. If the GreatDepression is any guide, we may see a drop in our sky high divorce rate. Butthis won’t necessarily represent. an increase in happy marriages. In the longrun, the Depression weakened American families, and the current crisis willprobably do the same.

We tend to thinkof the Depression as a time when families pulled together to survive huge joblosses, by 1932. When nearly one-quarter of the workforce was unemployed, thedivorce rate had declined by around 25% from 1929 But this doesn’t mean peoplewere suddenly happier with their marriages. Rather, with incomes decreasing andinsecure jobs, unhappy couples often couldn’t afford to divorce. They fearedneither spouse could manage alone.

Today, given thejob losses of the past year, fewer unhappy couples will risk starting separatehouseholds, Furthermore, the housing market meltdown will make it moredifficult for them to finance their separations by selling their homes.

After financialdisasters family members also tend to do whatever they can to help each otherand their communities, A 1940 book. The Unemployed Man and His Family,described a family in which the husband initially reacted to losing his job“with tireless search for work.”He was always active, looking for odd jobs todo.

The problem isthat such an impulse is hard to sustain Across the country, many similarfamilies were unable to maintain the initial boost in morale(士气). For some, the hardships of life without steady workeventually overwhelmed their attempts to keep their families together. Thedivorce rate rose again during the rest of the decade as the recovery tookhold.

Millions ofAmerican families may now be in the initial stage of their responses to thecurrent crisis, working together and supporting one another through the earlymonths of unemployment.

Today’s economic crisis could well generate a similarnumber of couples whose relationships have been irreparably(无法弥补地)ruined. So it’s only when the economy is healthyagain that we’ll begin to see just how many broken families have been created.

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

57. In the initialstage, the current economic crisis is likely to __________.

A) tear manytroubled families apart

B) contribute toenduring family ties

C) bring about adrop in the divorce rate

D) cause a lot ofconflicts in the family

58. In the GreatDepression many unhappy couples close to stick together because

A) starting a newfamily would be hard

B) they expectedthings would turn better

C) they wanted tobetter protect their kids

D) livingseparately would be too costly

59. In addition tojob losses. What stands in the way of unhappy couples getting a divorce?

A) Mounting familydebts

B) A sense ofinsecurity

C) Difficulty ingetting a loan

D) Falling housingprices

60. What will thecurrent economic crisis eventually do to some married couples?

A) It will force themto pull their efforts together

B) It willundermine their mutual understanding

C) It will helpstrengthen their emotional bonds

D) It willirreparably damage their relationship

61. What can beinferred from the last paragraph?

A) The economicrecovery will see a higher divorce rate

B) Few couples canstand the test of economic hardships

C) A stable familyis the best protection against poverty.

D) Money is thefoundation of many a happy marriage

Passage Two

Questions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage:

People are beinglured (引诱)onto Facebook with the promise of a fun,free service without realizing they’re paying for it by giving up toads ofpersonal information. Facebook then attempts to make money by selling theirdata to advertisers that want to send targeted messages.

Most Facebookusers don’t realize this is happening. Even if they know what the company is upto, they still have no idea what they’re paying for Face book because peopledon’t really know what their personal data is worth.

The biggestproblem, however, is that the company keeps changing the rules Early on youkeep everything private. That was the great thing about facebook you couldcreate own little private network. Last year. The company changed its privacyrules so that many things you city. Your photo, your friends’ names-were set,by default (默认)to be shared with everyone on theInternet.

According to Facebook’s vice-president Elliot Schrage,the company is simply making changes to improve its service, and if peopledon’t share information They have a “less satisfying experience”.

Some critics thinkthis is more about Facebook looking to make more money. In original businessmodel, which involved selling ads and putting then At the side of the pagestotally Who wants to look at ads when they’re online connecting with theirfriends?

The privacy issuehas already landed Facebook in hot water in Washington. In April, SenatorCharles Schumer called on Facebook to change its privacy policy. He also urgedthe Federal Trade Commission to set guidelines for social-networking sites. “Ithink the senator rightly communicated that we had not been clear about whatthe new products were and how people could choose to use them or not to usethem,” Schrage admits.

I suspect thatwhatever Facebook has done so far to invade our privacy, it’s only thebeginning. Which is why I’m considering deactivating(撤销)my account. Facebook is a handy site, but I’m upsetby the idea that my information is in the hands of people I don’t That’s toohigh a price to pay.

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

62. What do welearn about Facebook from the first paragraph?

A) It is a websitethat sends messages to targeted users.

B) It makes moneyby putting on advertisements.

C) It profits byselling its users’ personal data.

D) It providesloads of information to its users.

63. What does theauthor say about most Facebook users?

A) They arereluctant to give up their personal information.

B) They don’t knowtheir personal data enriches Facebook.

C) They don’tidentify themselves when using the website.

D) They care verylittle about their personal information.

64. Why doesFacebook make changes to its rules according to Elliot Schrage?

A) To renderbetter service to its users.

B) To conform tothe Federal guidelines.

C) To improve its users’connectivity.

D) To expand itsscope of business.

65. Why doesSenator Charles Schumer advocate?

A) Settingguidelines for advertising on websites.

B) Banning thesharing of users’ personal information.

C) Formulatingregulations for social-networking sites.

D) Removing adsfrom all social-networking sites.

66. Why does theauthor plan to cancel his Facebook account?

A) He isdissatisfied with its current service.

B) He finds manyof its users untrustworthy.

C) He doesn’t wanthis personal data abused.

D) He is upset byits frequent rule changes.

Part V Cloze(15 minutes)

Directions: Thereare 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choicesmarked A), B), C) and D) on the right side of the paper. You should choose theONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter onAnswer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

Because conflict and disagreements are part ofall close relationships, couples need to learn strategies for managing conflictin a healthy and constructive way. Some couples just 67 and deny the presenceof any conflict in a relationship. 68 ,denying the existence of conflictresults in couples 69 to solve their problems at early 70 ,which can then leadto even greater problems later 71 .Not surprisingly, expressing anger anddisagreement leads to lower marital (婚姻的)satisfactionat the beginning. However, this pattern of behavior 72 increases in maritalsatisfaction over time. Research suggests that working 73 conflicts is animportant predictor of marital satisfaction.

So, what can youdo to manage conflict in your own relationships? First, try to understand theother person’s point of view 74 put yourself in his or her place. People whoare 75 to what their partner thinks and feels 76 greater relationshipsatisfaction. For example, researchers found that among people in datingrelationships 77 marriages, those who can adopt their partner’s perspectiveshow more positive 78 .more relationship-enhancing attributes and moreconstructive responses 79 conflict.

Second, becauseconflict and disagreements are an 80 part of close relationships. People needto be able to apologize to their partner for wrongdoing and 81 forgiveness fromtheir parents for their own acts. Apologies minimize conflict, lead toforgiveness, and serve to restore relationship closeness. In line 82 this view,spouses who are more forgiving show higher mental 83 over time. Increasingly,apologizing can even have 84 health benefits. For example, when people reflecton hurtful 85 and grudges(怨恨)，they shownegative physiological(生理的) effects, including 86 heart rate andblood pressure, compared to when they reflect on sympathetic perspective-takingand forgiving.

67. A) resolve B) regretC) abandon D) avoid

68. A) Besides B) ThereforeC) Moreover D) However

69. A) trying B) decliningC) failing D) striving

70. A) ages B) yearsC) stages D) intervals

71. A) on B) by C)off D) away

72. A) prescribes B)protests C) proves D) predicts

73. A) round B) amidC) among D) through

74. A) so B) whileC) but D) and

75. A) sensitive B)superior C) exclusive D) efficient

76. A) expose B) experienceC) explore D) exploit

77. A) as long as B)as far as C) as well as D) as soon as

78. A) minds B) emotionsC) psychology D) affection

79. A) to B) againstC) at D) toward

80. A) absolute B)inevitable C) essential D) obvious

81. A) require B) inquireC) receive D) achieve

82. A) over B) withC) up D) of

83. A) quality B) identityC) charity D) capability

84. A) creative B)positive C) objective D) competitive

85. A) prospects B)concepts C) memories D) outlooks

86. A) added B) toughenedC) strengthened D) increased

Part Vl Translation (5 minutes)

Directions:Complete the sentences by translating into English the Chinese given inbrackets.

Please write yourtranslation on Answer Sheet 2

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答，只需写出译文部分。

87.Those flowerslooked as if they_____________________(好长时间没有浇水了).

88.Fred bought acar last week. It is______________________(比我的车便宜一千英镑).

89.This TV programis quite boning We might______________(不妨听听音乐)

90.He left hisoffice in a hurry, with______________________(灯亮着，门开着)

91.The famousnovel is said to __________________________(已经被译成多种语言).

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

Part Ⅰ Writing (30minutes)

Directions: Forthis part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled ExcessivePackaging following the outline given below. You should write at least 120words but no more than 180 words.

1.目前许多商品存在过度包装的现象

2.出现这一现象的原因

3.我对这一现象的看法和建议

On ExcessivePackaging

6月英语四级考试真题试卷及答案3

年12月英语四级考试真题试卷

Part I Writing (30 minutes)

Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter to a foreign friend who wants to learn Chinese. Please recommend a place to him. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)

听力音频MP3文件，点击进入听力真题页面

Section A News Report

Directions： In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.

Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.

1. A) The number of male nurses has gone down.

B) There is discrimination against male nurses.

C) There is a growing shortage of medical personnel.

D) The number of nurses has dropped to a record low.

2. A) Working conditions.

B) Educational system.

C) Inadequate pay.

D) Cultural bias.

Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.

3. A) He fell out of a lifeboat.

B) He was almost drowned.

C) He lost his way on a beach.

D) He enjoyed swimming in the sea.

4. A) The lifeboats patrol the area round the clock.

B) The beach is a good place to watch the tide.

C) The emergency services are efficient.

D) The beach is a popular tourist resort.

Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.

5. A) It climbed 25 storeys at one go.

B) It broke into an office room.

C) It escaped from a local zoo.

D) It became an online star.

6. A) Release it into the wild.

B) Return it to its owner.

C) Send it back to the zoo.

D) Give it a physical checkup.

7. A) A racoon can perform acts no human can.

B) A racoon can climb much higher than a cat.

C) The racoon did something no politician could.

D) The raccoon became as famous as some politicians.

Section B Conversation

Directions： In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversations you will hear four questions. Both the conversations and the question-s will be spoken only once. After you hear a question. You must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C)and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.

Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

8. A) She received a bonus unexpectedly.

B) She got a well-paying job in a bank.

C She received her first monthly salary.

D) She got a pay raise for her performance.

9. A) Two decades ago.

B) Several years ago.

C) Just last month.

D) Right after graduation.

10. A) He sent a small check to his parents.

B) He treated his parents to a nice meal.

C) He took a few of his friends to a gym.

D) He immediately deposited it in a bank.

11. A) Join her colleagues for gym exercise.

B) Visit her former university campus.

C) Buy some professional clothes.

D) Budget her salary carefully.

Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

12. A) He has just too many things to attend to.

B) He has been overworked recently.

C) He has a difficult decision to make.

D) He has just quarreled with his girlfriend.

13. A) Turn to his girlfriend for assistance.

B) Give priority to things more urgent.

C) Think twice before making the decision.

D) Seek advice from his family and advisor.

14. A) His girlfriend does not support his decision.

B) He is not particularly keen on the job offered.

C) He lacks the money for his doctoral program.

D) His parents and advisor have different opinions.

15. A)They need time to make preparations.

B) They haven"t started their careers yet.

C) They need to save enough money for it.

D) They haven"t won their parents" approval.

Section C Passage

Directions： In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.

Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.

16. A) Expressing ideas and opinions freely.

B) Enriching social and intellectual lives.

C) Acquiring information and professional knowledge.

D) Using information to understand and solve problems.

17. A) Traveling to different places in the world.

B) Playing games that challenge one"s mind.

C) Improving mind-reading strategies.

D) Reading classic scientific literature.

18. A) Participate in debates or discussions.

B) Expose themselves to different cultures.

C) Discard personal biases and prejudices.

D) Give others freedom to express themselves.

Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.

19. A) Why dogs can be faithful friends of humans.

B) The nature of relationships between dogs.

C) The reason a great many people love dogs.

D) How dogs feel about their bonds with humans.

20. A) They behave like other animals in many ways.

B) They have an unusual sense of responsibility.

C) They can respond to humans" questions.

D) They can fall in love just like humans.

21. A) They stay with one partner for life.

B) They have their own joys and sorrows.

C) They experience true romantic love.

D) They help humans in various ways.

Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.

22. A) A rare animal.

B) A historical site.

C) A cow bone.

D) A precious stone.

23. A) Dating it.

B) Preserving it.

C) Measuring it.

D) Identifying it.

24. A) The channel needs to interview the boy.

B) The boy should have called an expert.

C) The boy"s family had acted correctly.

D) The site should have been protected.

25. A) Conduct a more detailed search.

B) Ask the university to reward Jude.

C) Search for similar fossils elsewhere.

D) Seek additional funds for the search.

Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)

Section A

Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.

Finally, some good news about airplane travel. If you are on a plane with a sick passenger, you are unlikely to get sick. That is the __26__ of a new study that looked at how respiratory (呼吸道) viruses __27__ on airplanes. Researchers found that only people who were seated in the same row as a passenger with the flu, for example -- or one row in front of or behind that individual -- had a high risk of catching the illness. All other passengers had only a very __28__ chance of getting sick, according to the findings. Media reports have not necessarily presented __29__ information about the risk of getting infected on an airplane in the past. Therefore, these new findings should help airplane passengers to feel less __30__ to catching respiratory infections while traveling by air.

Prior to the new study, little was known about the risks of getting __31__ infected by common respiratory viruses, such as the flu or common cold, on an airplane, the researchers said. So, to __32__ the risks of infection, the study team flew on 10 different __33__ in the U.S. during the flu season. The researchers found that passengers sitting within two seats on __34__ side of a person infected with the flu, as well as those sitting one row in front of or behind this individual, had about an 80 percent chance of getting sick. But other passengers were __35__ safe from infection. They had a less than 3 percent chance of catching the flu.

A) accurate

B) conclusion

C) directly

D) either

E) evaluate

F) explorations

G) flights

H) largely

I) nearby

J) respond

K) slim

L) spread

M) summit

N) vividly

O) vulnerable

Section B

Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.

Is Breakfast Really the Most Important Meal of the Day?

A) Along with old classics like “carrots give you night vision” and “Santa doesn"t bring toys to misbehaving children”, one of the most well-worn phrases of tired parents everywhere is that breakfast is the most important meal of the day. Many of us grow up believing that skipping breakfast is a serious mistake, even if only two thirds of adults in the UK eat breakfast regularly, according to the British Dietetic Association, and around three-quarters of Americans.

B) “The body uses a lot of energy stores for growth and repair through the night,” explains diet specialist Sarah Elder. “Eating a balanced breakfast helps to up our energy, as well as make up for protein and calcium used throughout the night.” But there"s widespread disagreement over whether breakfast should keep its top spot in the hierarchy (等级) of meals. There have been concerns around the sugar content of cereal and the food industry"s involvement in pro-breakfast research -- and even one claim from an academic that breakfast is “dangerous”.

C) What"s the reality? Is breakfast a necessary start to the day or a marketing tactic by cereal companies? The most researched aspect of breakfast(and breakfast-skipping) has been its links to obesity. Scientists have different theories as to why there"s a relationship between the two. In one US study that analysed the health data of 50,000 people over seven years, researchers found that those who made breakfast the largest meal of the day were more likely to have a lower body mass index (BMI) than those who ate a large lunch or dinner. The researchers argued that breakfast helps reduce daily calorie intake and improve the quality of our diet -- since breakfast foods are often higher in fibre and nutrients.

D) But as with any study of this kind, it was unclear if that was the cause -- or if breakfast-skippers were just more likely to be overweight to begin with. To find out, researchers designed a study in which 52 obese women took part in a 12-week weight loss programme. All had the same number of calories over the day, but half had breakfast, while the other half did not. What they found was that it wasn"t breakfast itself that caused the participants to lose weight: it was changing their normal routine.

E) If breakfast alone isn"t a guarantee of weight loss, why is there a link between obesity and breakfast-skipping? Alexandra Johnstone, professor of appetite research at the University of Aberdeen, argues that it may simply be because breakfast-skippers have been found to be less knowledgeable about nutrition and health. “There are a lot of studies on the relationship between breakfast eating and possible health outcomes, but this may be because those who eat breakfast choose to habitually have health-enhancing behaviours such as regular exercise and not smoking,” she says.

F) A review of 10 studies looking into the relationship between breakfast and weight management concluded there is “limited evidence” supporting or refuting (反驳) the argument that breakfast influences weight or food intake, and more evidence is required before breakfast recommendations can be used to help prevent obesity.

G) Researches from the University of Surrey and University of Aberdeen are halfway through research looking into the mechanisms behind how the time we eat influences body weight. Early findings suggest that a bigger breakfast is beneficial to weight control. Breakfast has been found to affect more than just weight. Skipping breakfast has been associated with a 27% increased risk of heart disease, a 21% higher risk of type 2 diabetes in men, and a 20% higher risk of type 2 diabetes in women. One reason may be breakfast"s nutritional value -- partly because cereal is fortified (增加营养价值) with vitamins. In one study on the breakfast habits of 1,600 young people in the UK, researchers found that the fibre and micronutrient intake was better in those who had breakfast regularly. There have been similar findings in Australia, Brazil, Canada and the US.

H) Breakfast is also associated with improved brain function, including concentration and language use. A review of 54 studies found that eating breakfast can improve memory, though the effects on other brain functions were inconclusive. However, one of the review"s researchers, Mary Beth Spitznagel, says there is “reasonable” evidence breakfast does improve concentration -- there just needs to be more research. “Looking at studies that tested concentration, the number of studies showing a benefit was exactly the same as the number that found no benefit,” she says. “And no studies found that eating breakfast was bad for concentration.”

I) What"s most important, some argue, is what we eat for breakfast. High-protein breakfasts have been found particularly effective in reducing the longing for food and consumption later in the day, according to research by the Australian Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation. While cereal remains a firm favourite among breakfast consumers in the UK and US, a recent investigation into the sugar content of "adult" breakfast cereals found that some cereals contain more than three-quarters of the recommended daily amount of free sugars in each portion, and sugar was the second or third highest ingredient in cereals.

J) But some research suggests if we"re going to eat sugary foods, it"s best to do it early. One study recruited 200 obese adults to take part in a 16-week-long diet, where half added dessert to their breakfast, and half didn"t. Those who added dessert lost an average of 40 pounds more -- however, the study was unable to show the long-term effects. A review of 54 studies found that there is no consensus yet on what type of breakfast is healthier, and concluded that the type of breakfast doesn"t matter as much as simply eating something.

K) While there"s no conclusive evidence on exactly what we should be eating and when, the consensus is that we should listen to our own bodies and eat when we"re hungry. “Breakfast is most important for people who are hungry when they wake up,” Johnstone says. “Each body starts the day differently -- and those individual differences need to be researched more closely,” Spitznagel says. “A balanced breakfast is really helpful, but getting regular meals throughout the day is more important to leave blood sugar stable through the day, which helps control weight and hunger levels,” says Elder. “Breakfast isn"t the only meal we should be getting right.”

36. According to one professor, obesity is related to a lack of basic awareness of nutrition and health.

37. Some scientists claim that people should consume the right kind of food at breakfast.

38. Opinions differ as to whether breakfast is the most important meal of the day.

39. It has been found that not cating breakfast is related to the incidence of certain diseases in some countries.

40. Researchers found it was a change in eating habits rather than breakfast itself that induced weight loss.

41. To keep oneself healthy, eating breakfast is more important than choosing what to eat.

42. It is widely considered wrong not to eat breakfast.

43. More research is needed to prove that breakfast is related to weight loss or food intake.

44. Pecople who prioritise breakfasts tend to have lower calorie but higher nutritional intake.

45. Many studies reveal that eating breakfast helps people memorise and concentrate.

Section C

Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time，you should listen carefully for its general idea.When the passage is read for the second time，you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard. Finally，when the passage is read for the third time，you should check what you have written.

Passage One

Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.

Textbooks represent an 11 billion dollar industry, up from $8 billion in 2014. Textbook publisher Pearson is the largest publisher -- of any kind -- in the world.

It costs about $1 million to create a new textbook. A freshman textbook will have dozens of contributors, from subject-matter experts through graphic and layout artists to expert reviewers and classroom testers. Textbook publishers connect professors, instructors and students in ways that alternatives, such as open e-textbooks and open educational resources, simply do not. This connection happens not only by means of collaborative development, review and testing, but also at conferences where faculty regularly decide on their textbooks and curricula for the coming year.

It is true that textbook publishers have recently reported losses, largely due to students renting or buying used print textbooks. But this can be chalked up to the excessively high cost of their books -- which has increased over 1,000 percent since 1977. A restructuring of the textbook industry may well be in order. But this does not mean the end of the textbook itself.

While they may not be as dynamic as an iPad, textbooks are not passive or lifeless. For example, over the centuries, they have simulated (模拟) dialogues in a number of ways. From 1800 to the present day, textbooks have done this by posing questions for students to answer inductively (归纳性地). That means students are asked to use their individual experience to come up with answers to general questions. Today"s psychology texts, for example, ask: “How much of your personality do you think you inherited?” while ones in physics say: “How can you predict where the ball you tossed will land?”

Experts observe that “textbooks come in layers, something like an onion.” For an active learner, engaging with a textbook can be an interactive experience. Readers proceed at their own pace. They “customize” their books by engaging with different layers and linkages. Highlighting, Post-It notes, dog-ears and other techniques allow for further customization that students value in print books over digital forms of books.

46. What does the passage say about open educational resources?

A) They contribute to teaching as much as to learning.

B) They don"t profit as much as traditional textbooks do.

C) They can"t connect professors and students as textbooks do.

D) They compete fercely for customers with textbook producers.

47. What is the main cause of the publishers" losses?

A) Failure to meet student need.

B) Industry restructuring.

C) Emergence of e-books.

D) Flling sales.

48. What does the textbook industry need to do?

A) Reform its structures.

B) Cut its retail prices.

C) Find replacements for printed textbooks.

D) Change its business strategy periodically.

49. What are students expected to do in the learning process?

A) Think carefully before answering each question.

B) Ask questions based on their own understanding.

C) Answer questions using their personal experience.

D) Give answers showing their respective personality.

50. What do experts say about students using textbooks?

A) They can digitalize the prints easily.

B) They can leam in an interactive way.

C) They can purchase custonized versions.

D) They can adapt the material themselves.

Passage Two

Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.

When we think of animals and plants, we have a pretty good way of dividing them into two distinct groups: one converts sunlight into energy and the other has to eat food to make its energy. Well, those dividing lines come crashing down with the discovery of a sea slug (海蛞蝓) that"s truly half animal and half plant. It"s pretty incredible how it has managed to hijack the genes of the algae (藻类) on which it feeds.

The slugs can manufacture chlorophyll, the green pigment (色素) in plants that captures energy from sunlight, and hold these genes within their body. The term kleptoplasty is used to describe the practice of using hijacked genes to create nutrients from sunlight. And so far, this green sea slug is the only known animal that can be truly considered solar-powered, although some animals do exhibit some plant-like behaviors. Many scientists have studied the green sea slugs to confirm that they are actually able to create energy from sunlight.

In fact, the slugs use the genetic material so well that they pass it on to their future generations. Their babies retain the ability to produce their own chlorophyll, though they can"t generate energy from sunlight until they"ve eaten enough algae to steal the necessary genes, which they can"t yet produce on their own.

“There"s no way on earth that genes from an alga should work inside an animal cell,” says Sidney Pierce from the University of South Florida. “And yet here, they do. They allow the animal to rely on sunshine for its nutrition. So if something happens to their food source, they have a way of not starving to death until they find more algae to eat.”

The sea slugs are so good at gathering energy from the sun that they can live up to nine months without having to eat any food. They get all their nutritional needs met by the genes that they"ve hijacked from the algae.

51. What is the distinctive feature of a sea slug?

A) It looks like both a plant and an animal.

B) It converts some sea animals into plants.

C) It lives half on animals and half on plants.

D) It gets energy from both food and sunlight.

52. What enables the sea slug to live like a plant?

A) The genes it captures from the sea plant algae.

B) The mechanism by which it conserves energy.

C) The nutrients it hjacks from other species.

D) The green pigment it inberits from its ancestors.

53. What does the author say about baby sea slugs?

A) They can live without sunlight for a long time.

B) They can absorb sunlight right after their birth.

C) They can survive without algac for quite some time.

D) They can produce chlorophyl on their own.

54. What does Sidney Pierce say about genes fom an alga?

A) They are stolen from animals like the sea slug.

B) They can"t function unless exposed to sunlight.

C) They don"t usually function inside animal cells.

D) They can readily be converted to sca slug gencs.

55. What do we learn about sea slugs from the passage?

A) They behave the way most plant species do.

B) They can survive for months without eating.

C) They will turn into plants when they mature.

D) They will starve to death without sunlight.

Part IV Translation (30 minutes)

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.

中国的家庭观念与其文化传统有关。和睦的大家庭曾非常令人羡慕。过去四代同堂并不少见。由于这个传统，许多年轻人婚后继续与父母同住。今天，这个传统正在改变。随着住房条件的改善，越来越多年轻夫妇选择与父母分开住。但他们之间的联系仍然很密切。许多老年人仍然帮着照看孙辈。年轻夫妇也抽时间探望父母，特别是在春节和中秋节等重要节日。

2019年12月四级部分真题参考答案(完整版)

Part I Writing

Dear Mike,

How"s everything going? Last time you said you felt inclined to learn Chinese but had no clue where to start. So I"m writing to recommend a place to you -- the Confucius Institute, an established language center aimed to promote Chinese language and culture.

The reasons for my recommendation are as follows. Firstly, this Chinese government-funded educational institute is staffed by the most experienced, professional Chinese teachers, which ensures high-quality instruction. You can turn to them whenever you encounter difficulties in mastering the tones and the characters. Secondly, students there are encouraged to take part in activities ranging from making traditional food to learning clligraphy, as a means of exposing them to the appealing aspects of Chinese culture. Besides, the organization is now widely embraced by more than two million students. That means you aren" t alone as a beginner and will probably forge deep friendships with other learmers.

Learming a language from scratch won"t be easy. But I believe you"ll find yourself having fun while improving your Chinese proficiency.

Best wishes,

Li Hua

Part Ⅱ Listening Comprehension

1. A

2. D

3. B

4. C

5. D

6. A

7. C

8. C

9. A

10. B

11. A

12. C

13. D

14. D

15. B

16. D

17. B

18. A

19. B

20. D

21. A

22. C

23. B

24. C

25. A

Part III Reading Comprehension

26-35：BLKAO CEGDH

36-45：EIBGD JAFCH

46-55：CDACB DADCB

Part IV Translation

China"s family values are related to its cultural traditions. Harmonious extended families used to be very enviable. It was not uncommon in the past for four generations of a family to live under the same roof. According to the tradition, many young people continued to live with their parents after marriage. Today, that tradition is changing. As housing conditions improve, more and more young couples are opting to live apart from their parents. But the connections between them still remain strong. Many old people still help to look after their grandchildren. And young couples take time to visit their parents, especially during important festivals such as the Spring Festival and the Mid-Autumn Festival.

6月英语四级考试真题试卷及答案4

12月四级第3套真题答案(完整版)

Part Ⅰ Writing

The Challenges of Starting a Career AfterGraduation

Recent years have witnessed a sharp rise in the number of college students whosuccessfully start their career after graduation. However, many others fail to do sobecause the transition from a student to an employee is actually full of challenges.

First of all, you might not be popular with every colleague, which is frustrating for anewcomer of the workplace. So you"d better try to make a good first impression on allof your workmates, especially your boss. Furthermore, there probably is a gap betweenwhat you"ve learned at school and what you are required at work. You have to learnactively and quickly, and avoid making too many mistakes. Finally, the low payment fora new graduate and various living expenses make it difficult to make ends meet, so youmay find yourself always on a tight budget.

As the old proverb goes, “Well begun is half done.” If you can handle these challengessuccessfully after graduation, you will clear the path for future career development, suchas job promotion or starting your own business. So hold on and never give up!

Part III Reading Comprehension

26-35：IDHCO BJGLE

36-45：FCLEA NMDKH

46-55：CDBAB BADAC

Part IV Translation

The mobile payment market has thrived in China during the past few years. With theadvent of the mobile Internet, mobile shopping has gradually become a trend. Youngpeople aged from 18 to 30 have constituted the largest group of the mobile paymentmarket. Because it is quite easy to make a payment by phone, many consumers wouldrather pay by mobile phone than in cash or by credit card. In order to encouragepeople to spend more, many stores offer discounts to consumers who use the mobilepayment. As is predicted by experts, the mobile payment market in China still hasgreat potential for development in the future.

英语四级必背句子

获得成功说起来比做起来容易，然而坚持不懈确实会有好结果。成功人士的最重要的特征之一是自信，第二是渴望，还有一个是决心。

Whileachieving successis easier said than done, persistencedoes in fact pay off. One of the most important traits ofa successful person is self-confidence,another isdesire,and still another isdetermination.

认识到问题是找到解决办法的第一步。

Recognizing a problem is the first step in finding a solution.

我们应该感谢许多为把世界变得更美好而奉献一生的人。然而，我们不能依靠他们的成绩，而必须努力工作，取得更辉煌的成就。

We owe a debt of gratitude tothe many individuals who dedicated their lives to making the world a better place.However, we must not rest on their accomplishments, but must instead work assiduously to record even greater achievements.

现在，中国面临的两大挑战是保持持续的经济增长和靠世界上仅仅百分之七的可耕地养活仍在增长的12亿人口。尽管遇到的困难很大，中国人无疑会表现出不知疲倦的活力，在两方面都取得巨大成功。

Thetwomajor challenges facing China today center onmaintaining sustained economic growth and feeding its growing population of over 1. 2 billion people with only seven percent of the world"s cultivable land.Despite the monumental difficulties involved, Chinese peoplewill undoubtedly exhibit their indefatigable resilience and achieve great success in both regards.

事实上，我们达到最终的目标还有很长的路要走，但是，取得一些成绩还是可能做到的。

We do, in fact,have a long way togo toreach our final goal,but achieving some remainswell within the realm of possibility.

The older, the wiser.

姜是老的辣。

Action is the proper fruit of knowledge.

行动是知识之佳果。

There is no denying that the qualities of our living have gone from bad to worse.

不可否认的，我们的生活品质已经每况愈下。

Something attempted,something done.

有所尝试，就等于有所作为。

Christmas comes but once a year.

圣诞一年只一度。

Like and like make good friends.

趣味相投。

大学英语四级必备短语

1.in the long run 从长远来看，最后

2.on offer 在出售中

3.choose from... 从...中挑选

4.be curious about... 对...感到好奇

5.confront with... 使面临, 使面对

6.with interest 有兴趣地

7.an average of ...平均是...

8.at high altitudes 在很高的地方

9.draw one’s attention 吸引某人的注意

10.focus on 集中

11.in years to come 在未来的几年内

12.as a matter of fact 实际上

13.adopt a positive approach 采取一种正确的方法

14.wait for 等待

15.pass through 经过, 通过

16.a sequence of 一系列的

17.set apart from 把...区分开

18.take ... for granted 以...为骄傲

19.be aware of/that 注意到

20.translate into 翻译成

21.set in 开始

22.intend to do 想要做

23.looking forward to 期望

24.be built from... 用...去建造

25.a wide variety of 很多的

26.at advanced levels 在高级范围内

27.carry out 完成，实施

28.according to 根据

29.aim to do 指望做某事

30.make sacrifices to do 做出牺牲而做

31.in depth 深入地

32.a series of 一系列,一连串

33.above all 首先,尤其是

34.after all 毕竟,究竟

35.ahead of 在...之前

36.ahead of time 提前

37.all at once 突然,同时

38.all but 几乎;除了...都

39.all of a sudden 突然

40.all over 遍及

41.all over again 再一次,重新

42.all the time 一直,始终

43.all the same 仍然,照样的

44.as regards 关于,至于

45.anything but 根本不

46.as a matter of fact 实际上

47.apart from 除...外(有/无)

48.as a rule 通常,照例

49.as a result(of) 因此,由于

50.as far as ...be concerned 就...而言

6月英语四级考试真题试卷及答案5

Part I Writing (30 minutes)

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter to a foreign friend whowants to study in China. Please recommend a university to him. You should write atleast 120 words but no more than 180 words.

_______________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________

Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)

说明：由于12月四级考试全国共考了两套听力, 本套真题听力与前两套内容相同, 只是选项顺序不同, 因此在本套真题中不再重复出现。

Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)

Section A

Directions: In this section, there is a passagewith ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choicesgiven in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully beforemaking your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark thecorresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You maynot use any of the words in the bank more than once.

Millions of people travel by plane every single day. If you"re planning on being one ofthem soon, you might not be looking forward to the __26__ feeling air travel often leavesyou with. Besides the airport crowds and stress, travelling at a high altitude has realefects on the body. Although the pressure of the cabin is __27__ to prevent altitudesickness, you could still __28__ sleepiness or a headache. The lower oxygen pressurefound in an aircraft cabin is __29__ to that at 6,000-8,000 feet of altitude. A drop inoxygen pressure can cause headaches in certain __30__ To help prevent headaches, drink plenty of water, and avoid alcohol and coffee.

Aiplane food might not really be as tateless as you __31__ thought. The air you breathein a plane dries out your mouth and nose, which can affect your sense of taste. Perception of sweet and salty foods dropped by almost 30 percent in a simulation of airtravel. However, you can make your taste buds active again by drinking water. A drymouth may __32__ taste sensitivity, but taste is restored by drinking fluids.

Although in-flight infections __33__ in dry environments like airplanes, your risk ofgetting sick from an airplane is actually low because of the air __34__ used. Unless you"re stting next to someone who is coughing or sneezing, you shouldn"t worry too muchabout getting sick. However, bacteria have been shown to live on cabin surfaces, sowash your hands __35__.

A) adjusted

B) channels

C) equivalent

D) experience

E) filters

F) frequently

G) individuals

H) originally

I) particular

J) primarily

K) reduce

L) renovated

M) smooth

N) thrive

O) unpleasant

Section B

Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statementsattached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphsIdentify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose aparagraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questionsby marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.

A south Korean city designed for the future takes on a life of its own

A) Getting around a city is one thing -- and then there"s the matter of getting from onecity to another. One vision of the perfect city of the future: a place that offers easyaccess to air travel.In , a University of North Carolina business professor namedJohn Kasarda published a book called Aerotropolis: The Way We"ll Live Next. Kasardasays future cities should be built intentionally around or near airports. The idea, as hehas put it, is to offer businesses “rapid, long-distance connectivity on a massive scale.”

B) “The 18th century really was a waterborne century, the 19th century a rail century, the 20th century a highway, car, truck century -- and the 21st century will increasinglybe an aviation century, as the globe becomes increasingly connected by air,” Kasardasays.Songdo, a city built from scratch in South Korea, is one of Kasarda"s primeexamples. It has existed for just a few years.“From the get-go, it was designed on thebasis of connectivity and competitiveness,” says Kasada. “The government built thebridge directly from the airport to the Songdo International Business District. And thesurface infrastructure was built in tandem with the new airport.”

C) Songdo is a stone"s throw from South Korea"s Incheon Airport, its main internationalhub. But it takes a lot more than a nearby airport to be a city of the future. Just buildinga place as an “international business district” doesn"t mean it will become one. ParkYeon Soo conceived this city of the future back in 1986. He considers Songdo his baby. “I am a visionary,” he says.Thirty years after he imagined the city, Park"s baby is closeto 70 percent built, with 36,000 people living in the business district and 90,000 residents in greater Songdo. It"s about an hour outside Seoul, built on reclaimed tidalflats along the Yellow Sea. There"s a Coast Guard building and a tall trade tower, as wellas a park, golf course and university.

D) Chances are you"ve actually seen this place. Songdo appears in the most famousmusic video ever to come out of South Korea.“Gangnam Style” refers to the fashionableGangnam district in Seoul. But some of the video was filmed in Songdo.“I don"t know ifyou remember, there was a scene in a subway station. That was not Gangnam. That wasactually Songdo,” says Jung Won Son, a professor of urban development at London"sBartlett School of Planning. “Part of the reason to shoot there is that it"s new and nice.”

E) The city was supposed to be a hub for global companies, with employees from allover the world. But that"s not how it has turned out.Songdo"s reputation is as afuturistic ghost town. But the reality is more complicated.A bridge with big, light-blueloops leads into the business district. In the center of the main road, there"s a long lineof flags of the world. On the corner, there"s a Starbucks and a 7-Eleven -- all of theinternational brands that you see all over the world nowadays.

F) The city is not empty. There are mothers pushing strollers, old women with walkers -- even in the middle of the day, when it"s 90 degrees out. Byun Young-Jin chairs theSongdo real estate association and started selling property here when the first phaseof the city opened in . He says demand has boomed in the past couple of years.Mostof his clients are Korean. In fact, the developer says, 99 percent of the homes here aresold to Koreans. Young families move here because the schools are great.And that"s theproblem: Songdo has become a popular Korean city -- more popular as a residentialarea than a business one. It"s not yet the futuristic international business hub thatplanners imagined. “It"s a great place to live. And it"s becoming a great place to work,” says Scott Summers, the vice president of Gale International, the developer of the city. The floor-to-ceiling windows of his company"s offices overlook Songdo Central Park, with a canal full of kayaks and paddle boats. Shimmering glass towers line the canal’sedge.

G) “What"s happened is, because we focused on creating that quality of life first, whichenabled the residents to live here, what has probably missed the mark is for companiesto locate here,” he says. “There needs to be strong economic incentives.”The city is stillunfinished, and it feels a bit like a theme park. It doesn"t feel all that futuristic. There"sa high-tech underground trash disposal system. Buildings are environmentally friendly. Everybody"s television set is connected to a system that streams personalized languageor exercise classes.

H) But Star Trek this is not. And to some of the residents, Songdo feels hollow.“I"m, like, in prison for weekdays. That"s what we call it in the workplace,” says a woman in her20s. She doesn"t want to use her name for fear of being fired from her job. She goesback to Seoul every weekend. “I say I"m prison-breaking on Friday nights.”But she has tomake the prison break in her own car. There"s no high-speed train connecting Songdo toSeoul, just over 20 miles away.

I) The man who first imagined Songdo feels frustrated, too. Park says he built SouthKorea a luxury vehicle, “like Mercedes or BMW. It"s a good car now. But we"re waitingfor a good driver to accelerate.”But there are lots of other good cars out there, too. Theworld is dotted with futuristic, high-tech cities trying to attract the biggest internationalcompanies.

J) Songdo"s backers contend that it"s still early, and business space is filling up -- about70 percent of finished offices are now occupied.Brent Ryan, who teaches urban designat MIT, says Songdo proves a universal principle. “There have been a lot of utopiancities in history. And the reason we don"t know about a lot of them is that a lot of themhave vanished entirely.”In other words, when it comes to cities -- or anything else -- it ishard to predict the future.

36. Songdo"s popularity lies more in its quality of life than its business attraction.

37. The man who conceived Songdo feels disappointed because it has fallen short ofhis expectations.

38. A scene in a popular South Korean music video was shot in Songdo.

39. Songdo still lacks the financial stimulus for businesses to set up shop there.

40. Airplanes will increasingly become the chief means of transportation, according to aprofessor.

41. Songdo has ended up diferent from the city it was supposed to be.

42. Some of the people who work in Songdo complain about boredom in theworkplace.

43. A business professor says that a future city should have easy access to internationaltransportation.

44. According to an urban design professor, it is difficult for city designers to forescewhat will happen in the future.

45. Park Yeon Soo, who envisioned Songdo, feels a parental connction with the city.

Section C

Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage isread for the first time，you should listen carefully for its general idea.When the passageis read for the second time，you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact wordsyou have just heard. Finally，when the passage is read for the third time，you shouldcheck what you have written.

Passage One

Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.

The fifth largest city in US passed a significant soda tax proposal that will levy (征税)1.5 cents per liquid ounce on distributors.

Philadelphil"s new measure was approved by a 13 to 4 city council vote. It sets a newbar for similar initiatives across the country. It is proof that taxes on sugary drinks canwin substantial support outside super-liberal areas. Until now, the only city tosuccessfully pass and implement a soda tax was Berkeley, California, in .

The tax will apply to regular and diet sodas, as well as other drinks with adder sugar, such as Gatorade and iced teas. It"s expected to raise $410 million over the next fiveyears, most of which will go toward funding a universal pre-kindergarten program forthe city.

While the city council vote was met with applause inside the council room, opponents tothe measure, including soda lobbyists, made sharp criticisms and a promise tochallenge the tax in court.

“The tax passed today unfairly singles out beverages — including low —and no-caloriechoices,” said Lauren Kane, spokeswoman for the American Beverage Association. “Butmost importantly, it is against the law. So we will side with the majority of the people ofPhiladelphia who oppose this tax and take legal action to stop it.”

An industry-backed anti-tax campaign has spent at least $4 million on advertisements. The ads criticized the measure, characterizing it as a “grocery tax”.

Public health groups applauded the approved tax as step toward fixing certain lastinghealth issues that plague Americans. “The move to recapture a small part of the profitsfrom an industry that pushed a product that contributes to diabetes, obesity and heartdisease in poorer communities in order to reinvest in those communities will sure beinspirational to many other places,” said Jim Krieger, executive director of HealthyFood America. “indeed, we are already hearing from some of them. It"s not "justBerkeley" anymore.”

Similar measures in California"s Albany, Oakland, San Francisco and Colorado"s Boulderare becoming hot-button issues. Health advocacy groups have hinted that even moremight be coming.

46. What does the passage say about the newly-approved soda tax in Philadelphia?

A) It will change the lifestyle of many consumers.

B) It may encourage other US cities to fllow suit.

C) It will cut soda consumption among low-income communities.

D) It may influence the marketing strategies of the soda business.

47. What will the opponents probably do to respond to the soda tax proposal?

A) Bargain with the city council.

B) Refuse to pay additional tax.

C) Take legal action against it.

D) Try to win public support.

48. What did the industry-backed anti-tax campaign do about the soda tax proposal?

A) It tried to arouse hostile felings among consumers.

B) It tried to win grocers" support against the measure.

C) It kept sending ltters of protest to the media.

D) It criticized the measure through advertising.

49. What did public health groups think the soda tax would do?

A) Alert people to the risk of sugar-induced diseases.

B) Help people to fix certain long-time health issues.

C) Add to the fund for their rescarch on discases.

D) Benefit low-income people across the country.

50. What do we lear about similar measures concening the soda tax in some other citics?

A) They are becoming rather sensitive issues.

B) They are spreading panic in the soda industry.

C) They are reducing the incidence of sugar-induced diseases.

D) They are taking away a lot of proft from the soda industry.

Passage Two

Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.

Popping food into the microwave for a couple of minutes may seem utterly harmless, and Europe"s stock of these quick-cooking ovens emit as much carbon as nearly 7millioncars, a new study has found, and the problem is growing. With costs falling and kitchenappliances becoming “status” users, owners are throwing many microwave after anaverage of eight years. This is pushing sales of new microwave which are expected toreach 135 million annually in the EU by the end of the decade.

A study by the University of Manchester worked out the emissions of carbon dioxide -- the main greenhouse gas responsible for climate change -- at every stage ofmicrowaves, from manufacture to waste disposal. “It is electricity consumption bymicrowaves that has the biggest impact on the environment,” say the authors, whoalso calculate that the emissions from using 19 microwaves over a year are the same asthose from a car. According to the same study, efforts to reduce consumption shouldfocus on improving consumer awareness and behaviour to use appliances moreefficiently. For example, electricity consumption by microwaves can be reduced byadjusting the time of cooking to the type of food.“

However, David Reay, professor of carbon management argues that, althoughmicrowaves use a great deal of enery, their emissions are minor compared to those fromcars. In the UK alone and these emit way more than all the emissions from microwavesin the EU. Backing this up, recent data show that passenger cars in the UK emitted 69mtonnes of CO2 in 2015. This is 10 times the amount this new microwave oven studyestimates for annual emissions for all the microwave ovens in the whole of the EU.” further, the energy used by microwaves is lower than any other form of cooking. Amongcommon kitchen appliances used for cooking, microwaves are the most energyefficient, followed by a stove and finally a standard oven. Thus, rising microwave salescould be seen as a positive thing.

51. What is the finding of the new study?

A) Quick-cooking microwave ovens have become more popular.

B) The frequent use of microwaves may do harm to our health.

C) CO2 emissions constitute a major threat to the environment.

D) The use of microwaves emits more CO2 than people think.

52. Why are the sales of microwaves expected to rise?

A) They are becoming more afrdabla.

B) They have a shorter life cycle than other appliances.

C) They are gtting much easier to operate.

D) They take less tine to cook than other ppliaces.

53. What recommendation does the study by the University of Manchester make?

A) Cooking food of dfferent varieties.

B) Improving microwave users" habits.

C) Eating less to cut energy consumption.

D) Using microwave ovens less frequently.

54. What does Professor David Reay try to argue?

A) There are far more emissions from cars than from microwaves.

B) People should be persuaded into using passenger cars less often.

C) The UK produces less CO2 than many other countries in the EU.

D) More data are needed to show whether microwaves are harmful.

55. What does Professor David Reay think of the use of microwaves?

A) It will become less popular in the coming decades.

B) It makes everyday cooking much more convenient.

C) It plays a positive role in envronmental protection.

D) It consumes more power than conventional cooking.

Part IV Translation (30 minutes)

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chineseinto English. You should write your answer onAnswer Sheet 2.

中国汉族人的全名由姓和名组成。中文姓名的特点是，姓总是在前，名跟在其后。千百年来，父姓一直世代相传。然而，如今，孩子跟母亲姓并不罕见。一般来说，名有一个或两个汉字，通常承载父母对孩子的愿望。从孩子的名字可以推断出父母希望孩子成为什么样的人，或者期望他们过什么样的生活。父母非常重视给孩子取名，因为名字往往会伴随孩子一生。

月四级部分真题参考答案(完整版)

Part I Writing

Hello Tom,

I"m pretty excited to hear that you are going to pursue a postgraduate degree ineconomics in China. If you are still uncertain about which college to apply to, why notgo to Renmin University of China (RUC)?

I recommend it mainly because of its academic reputation. Today, it is widelyrecognized for its strengths in the fields of humanities and social sciences.

The School of Economics often invites distinguished scholars at home and abroad toacademic forums or seminars. You will definitely gain new insights into various economicissues by attending them as a student. Another striking feature of this university is itsvibrant campus life, as evidenced by activities such as Fun Sports Games, schoolorienteering competitions and the annual International Culture Festival. You will findthem all highly enjoyable. Moreover, RUC is conveniently situated close to bus stops andsubway stations, so you can spend your spare time exploring the city of Beiing.

Of course, it"s totally up to you. Let me know if you make a final decision. Anyway, welcome to China.

Yours,

Zhang Lei

Part III Reading Comprehension

26-35：OADCG HKNEF

36-45：FIDGB EHAJC

46-55：BCDBA DABAC

Part IV Translation

The full name of a Han Chinese consists of a family name and a given name. Adistinctive feature of the Chinese name is that the family name always comes first, followed by the given name. For thousands of years, Chinese family names have beenpassed down through the father. Nowadays, however, it is not uncommon for a child toadopt the mother"s family name. Generally, a given name is made up of one or twocharacters, usually carrying the parents" wishes for their child. It can be inferred fromthe name what kind of person the parents want their child to be, or what kind of life theyexpect him or her to lead. Chinese parents attach great importance to the choice of theirchild"s name, as the name tends to accompany the child for his or her entire life.

6月英语四级考试真题试卷及答案6

6月四级第2套真题参考答案(完整版)

Part Ⅰ Writing

A Visit to Fanhai Hope Elementary SchoolReceived a Warm Welcome

A two-day visit to Fanhai Hope Elementary School organized by the Student Union ofour university has been completed as scheduled this weekend.

Aiming at fostering college students" service awareness and helping pupils of ruralareas better understand the colorful college life so as to motivate them to studyharder, the Student Union organized an activity named A Trip of Love Seed. A team of30 college students" participated in this trip. The visit was warmly welcomed by all thestudents and staff of Fanhai, followed by a range of colorful activities, such as theinteraction among students about the fascinating college life, a visit to the school artshow of students" works of painting and handicraft and teaching activities focusing onshowing the magical science world to the pupils.

Both the pupils and our college students were actively involved in all these brilliantactivities. And the headmaster of Fanhai spoke highly of this trip as well as thedevotion, enthusiasm and creativity of our students.

Part Ⅱ Listening Comprehension

1. B

2. D

3. C

4. A

5. D

6. B

7. C

8. D

9. C

10. B

11. A

12. B

13. C

14. D

15. A

16. C

17. D

18. B

19. A

20. B

21. A

22. D

23. C

24. A

25. B

Part III Reading Comprehension

26-35：CIKJA BOGFM

36-45：HEGBK FIHGJ

46-55：DCBDA BCABD

Part IV Translation

Lanterns originated in the Eastern Han Dynasty, and were at first used primarily forlighting. In the Tang Dynasty, people used red lanterns to celebrate a stable life. Sincethen, lanterns have became popular in many parts of China. Lanterns are usually madeof brightly-colored tissue paper in a variety of shapes and sizes. In traditional Chineseculture, red lanterns symbolize a happy life and flourishing business, usually hungduring festivals like the Spring Festival, Lantern Festival and National Day. Today, redlanterns can be seen in many other parts of the world.

大学英语四级知识点

as…as结构的几点用法说明：

1.基本用法

该结构的基本意思是“与……一样”，其中接形容词或副词的原级，在否定句中，第一个as也可换成so.如：

He doesn"t study as [so] hard as his brother. 他学习不如他弟弟努力。

2.涉及数量或程度的用法

若涉及数量或程度，可用“as much+不可数名词+as”和“asmany+可数名词复数+as”。如：

He doesn‘t pay as much tax as we do / as us. 他没我们交的税款多。

There are not as many restaurants as there were. 现在餐馆没有过去多了。

3.有关词序的一点说明

其间接形容词时，有时该形容词还可修饰另一名词，但这个名词应带有不定冠词(注意词序)。如：

I have as good a voice as you. 我的声音和你一样好。

4.该结构的修饰语

根据情况可用(not) nearly, almost, just, nothing like, exactly, not quite, half, one-ten, twice, threetimes, 30 per cent等修饰，并且这些修饰语必须置于第一个as之前，而不能置于其后。如：

This room is twice as large as that one. 这个房间是那个房间的两个大。

You‘re not half as clever us you think you are. 你远不是自己想像的那么聪明。

It took three times as long as I had expected. 这件事比我预料的多花了两倍的时间。

first与at first用法区别详解：

1、从词性上看区别

first可用作形容词或副词，有时还可用作代词;而at first作为介词短语，只起副词用作用(在句中用作状语)。如：

First class is the most expensive way to travel. 坐头等舱是最贵的旅行方式。(first为形容词，在句中用作定语)

This is the first time I have heard of such things. 这是我第一次听到这样的事。(first为形容词，在句中用作定语)

You needn‘t read the whole book hut you must readthe first four chapters.你们不必把整本书全读完，但必须读完前四章。(first为形容词，在句中用作定语)

I asked them to ring first in case we were out. 我请他们先打电话来，以防我们不在家。(first为副词，在句中用作状语)

She‘s always the first to arrive and the last to leave. 她总是第一个来，最后一个离开。(first为代词，可视为其后省略了one， person等之类的词)

His second suggestion was not much better than his first. 他的第二个建议比第一个好不了多少。(first为代词，可视为其后省略了suggestion)

At first we used hand tools. Later we had machines. 开始我们用手工工具，后来我们有了机器。(at first在此用作状语)

2、从用法上看区别

1).first的用法

first 用来说明顺序，意为“先……”，暗示接下去还有其他动作或事件要发生，因此其后往往接有(或暗示有)then，next，last 等词。如：

Think first, then act. 先想清楚再行动。

I‘ll have to finish my homework first. 我得先把作业做完。

First(you)boil some water. Then(you)warm the teapot. Then(you)add three teaspoons oftea. Next,(you)pour on boiling water… 你先烧些开水，然后把茶壶烫热，接着放三勺茶叶，随后冲入开水……

John came home from work. First he read the paper for a while, then he got up from the chairand turned on the radio. 约翰下班回家，先看一会儿报，然后从椅子上站起来，打开收音机。

2). at first 的用法

at first 的意思是“起初”“开始”，它主要用于强调前后对照，暗示接下去的动作与前面的动作不同甚至相反，因此常有 but，afterwards，soon，at last等相呼应。如：

At first I didn‘t want to go, but I soon changed my mind. 我开始不想去，但我很快就改变了主意。

The work was hard at first, but I got used to it. 起初这活儿很累，不过后来我习惯了。

At first they were very happy, but then things started going wrong. 起初他们生活得很幸福，但后来就开始出问题了。

At first I paid little attention, but slowly my interest awoke. 起初我没怎么注意，但逐渐产生了兴趣。

3、其他几点区别

1). at first 除以上用法外，其他场合一般不用它;而first除表示“先……(然后……)”外，还可表示“最先”“第一次”“首先”等。如：

Ladies first. 女士优先。

That‘s mine—I saw it first. 那是我的，是我先看见的。

When did you first meet him? 你第一次见他是什么时候?

2). 有时at first并非固定搭配(first后还修饰有其他词语)。如：

She was so nice a girl that he fell in love with her at first sight. 她是这样好的一个姑娘，使他一见钟情。

She could tell at first glance to which class a man belonged. 她一眼就能看出一个人属于哪个阶级。

3). at first与at last不是一对反义词组，后者的意思是“终于”“最终”。如：

At last the truth became known. 最后真相大白了。

She has at last got everything ready. 她最后把一切准备好了。

At last the bus came. I had been waiting for half an hour. 最后公共汽车来了，我已等了半小时。

angry的介词搭配特点：

1.表示“对某人生气”，一般用介词 with(有时也用 at)

The teacher got angry with [at] me. 老师对我生气了。

有的词书认为：用with表示心中感到生气，而用at则表示怒气流露于外表，但总的说来此时还是用with的场合较多。

2.表示“对某事生气”，一般用介词 at(about)

He was rather angry at what you said. 他对你说的话相当生气。

I was angry about missing the film. 没看上那部电影我很气恼。

He was angry at being kept waiting. 他因久等而生气。

有的词书认为：at 之后接某人之言行，about 之后接某事，但这种区别并不十分严格，两者常可换用。

3.表示生气的原因，一般用介词for

He was angry with me for not having done anything. 因为我什么也没做，他对我很生气。

注：be angry 之后除搭配介词外，还可接不定式或从句：

He‘ll be angry to find that nothing has been done. 他发现什么都没做，他会生气的。

He was angry that the door was locked. 门锁上了，他很生气。

形容词able的用法说明：

1.表示“有能力的”、“能干的”，可用作表语或定语。如：

He is an able manager. 他是位有能力的经理。

He is old but still able. 他虽年老，但仍有很能干。

2.用于 be able to do sth(能或会做做某事)。如：

He is able to speak English. 他会说英语。

Everyone here is able to type. 这儿的每一个人都会打字。

He will be able to get about in a week or two. 再过一两个星期左右他就能走动了。

He studied hard and was able to pass his examinations. 他学习很努力，所以考试及了格。

注：be able to 不仅有多种时态形式(通常不用于进行时或与 be going to 连用)，而且还可以与某些情态动词连用(通常不与 can 连用)，甚至还可以有非谓语形式。如：

Since his accident he hasn"t been able to leave the house. 自出事之后，他一直未能离开家。

You might be able to persuade him. 你也许能够说服他。

I hope to be able to do the work. 我希望能干得了这项工作。

I regret not being able to help her. 我很遗憾未能帮助她。

3.able 的比较级和最高级通常是abler和ablest，也可以是more able和most able，有时还可用 betterable和best able.如：

You are better able to do it than I (am). 你比我更有能力做这件事。

She"s the person best able to cope. 她是个最能妥善处理问题的人。

4.若要加强语气，其前除可very，quite，perfectly等修饰外，有时还可用well修饰。如：

He is quite [well] able to take care of himself. 他完全有能力照顾自己。

He"s a very able student; he"s just too lazy. 他是个很有能力的学生，只是太懒了。

若受just，only just修饰，则表示“只能”“仅能”。如：

I was just able to make out a dark figure in the distance. 我只能看见远处有个黑影。

5.able的反义词是unable(不能的，不会的)，不是disable，后者是动词，其意为“使残废”“使无能力”。比较：

They were unable to reach a decision. 他们没法做出决定。

Now that he was disabled, his house had become a prison to him. 因为他残废了，他的房子就成了他的牢笼。

英语四级语法必备知识点

动词(时态,语态,用法,省略,一致性等)

时态

1)现在完成进行时态 (have/has been + -ing 分词构成): 动作或状态从过去某时开始,继续到现在,可能继续下去,也可能刚刚结束.

I’ve been writing letters for an hour.

I’ve been sitting in the garden.

2)过去完成进行时(由had been + ing分词构成): 过去某个时刻以前一直在进行的动作

I’d been working for some time when he called.

We had been waiting for her for two hours by the time she came.

3)将来完成进行时: 将来某个时刻以前一直在进行的动作.

By next summer, he will have been working here for twenty years.

In another month’s time she’ll have been studying here for three years.

4)将来完成时(由shall/will have + 过去分词构成): 将来某时已发生的事.

I shall have finished this one before lunch.

They’ll have hit the year’s target by the end of October.

语态

可以有两种被动结构的类型,例如:

He was said to be jealous of her success.

It was said that he was jealous of her success.

能同时适用于上述两个句型的主动词通常都是表示“估计”,“相信”等意义的动词,常见的有assume,believe,expect,fear,feel,know,presume,report,say,suppose,understand等.

It is supposed that the ship has been sunk.

The ship is supposed to have been sunk.

担当be supposed to 与不定式的一般形式搭配时往往表示不同的意义.例如:

Why are you driving so fast in this area? You are supposed to know the speed to know the speed limit. (你应该晓得速度限制)

双宾语及宾补结构的被动语态

双宾语结构的被动语态: 双宾语结构变为被动语态时,可以把主动结构中的一个宾语变为主语,另一个宾语仍然保留在谓语后面,但多数是把间接宾语变为主语.

He was asked a number of questions at the press conference.

Two days were allowed them for making the necessary preparations.

宾补结构的被动语态:

She was called Big Sister by everybody.

Then he was made a squad leader.

He was considered quite qualified for the job.

The room was always kept clean and tidy.

短语动词

Vi + adv

The plane took off two hours late.

Vi + prep

They looked round the Cathedral.

Vi + prep (有被动语态)

She’s looking after her sister’s children.

The children were always well looked after.

Vi + adv + prep

I began to look forward to their visits.

Vt + O + adv

Some women choose to stay at home and bring up their children.

The children were brought up by their mother.

They took him on.

Vt + adv + O (无被动语态)

I am trying to give up smoking.

Vt + O + prep

We talked Donald into agreement.

在以as, than, when, if, unless等引导的从句中的省略:

在有些状语从句中,如果谓语包含有动词be,主语又和主句的主语一致a),或者主语是it b),就常常可以把从句中的主语和谓语的一部分(特别是动词be)省略掉.

Look out for cars when crossing the street.

When taken according to the directions, the drug has no side effects.

While there he joined in voluntary labour on a project.

Although not yet six months old, she was able to walk without support.

If not well managed, irrigation can be harmful.

Though reduced in numbers, they gained in fighting capacity.

This viewpoint, however understandable, is wrong.

Enemies, once discovered, were tightly encircled and completely wiped out.

She hurriedly left the room as though/if angry.

She worked extremely hard though still rather poor in health.

Fill in the application as instructed.

Whenever known, such facts should be reported.

The documents will be returned as soon as signed.

He said that no acrobat could ever perform those daring feats unless trained very young.

Once having made a promise, you should keep it.

If necessary I’ll have the letter duplicated.

Fill in the blanks with articles where(ver) necessary.

If possible, I should like to have two copies of it.

As scheduled, they met on January 20 at the Chinese Embassy.

在以than a) 或 as b) 引起的从句中,常会有一些成分省略.

He told me not to use more material than (it is) necessary.

We should think more of the collective than of ourselves.

They worked with as much enthusiasm as young people (did).

He is now a vice-manager, but still often works in the kitchen as before.

Their training is free, as is all education.

We will, as always, stand on your side.

错误的省略

His life is as fully committed to books as anyone I know.

While standing there in her nightgown, two bullets struck the wall beside her.

一致

如果主语是单数,尽管后面跟有with, together with, as well as, as much as, no less than, more than等引导的短语,谓语动词仍旧用单数形式.

Terry, along with her friend, goes skating every Saturday.

An expert, together with some assistants, was sent to help in this work.

The captain, as well as the coaches, was disappointed in the team.

6月英语四级考试真题试卷及答案7

历年英语四级真题

Part I Writing (30 minutes)

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the importance of reading ability and how to develop it. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

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Section A

Directions: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.

Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.

1. A) The return of a bottled message to its owner"s daughter.

B) A New Hampshire man"s joke with friends on his wife.

C) A father"s message for his daughter.

D) The history of a century-old motel.

2. A) She wanted to show gratitude for his kindness.

B) She wanted to honor her father"s promise.

C) She had been asked by her father to do so.

D) She was excited to see her father"s handwriting.

Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.

3. A) People were concerned about the number of bees.

B) Several cases of Zika disease had been identified.

C) Two million bees were infected with disease.

D) Zika virus had destroyed some bee farms.

4. A) It apologized to its customers.

B) It was forced to kill its bees.

C) It lost a huge stock of bees.

D) It lost 2.5 million dollars.

Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.

5. A) It stayed in the air for about two hours.

B) It took off and landed on a football field.

C) It proved to be of high commercial value.

D) It made a series of sharp turns in the sky.

6. A) Engineering problems.

B) The air pollution it produced.

C) Inadequate funding.

D) The opposition from the military.

7. A) It uses the latest aviation technology.

B) It flies faster than a commercial jet.

C) It is a safer means of transportation.

D) It is more environmentally friendly.

Section B

Directions: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.

Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

8. A) It seems a depressing topic.

B) It sounds quite alarming.

C) It has little impact on our daily life.

D) It is getting more serious these days.

9. A) The man doesn"t understand Spanish.

B) The woman doesn"t really like dancing.

C) They don"t want something too noisy.

D) They can"t make it to the theatre in time.

10. A) It would be more fun without Mr. Whitehead hosting.

B) It has too many acts to hold the audience"s attention.

C) It is the most amusing show he has ever watched.

D) It is a show inappropriate for a night of charity.

11. A) Watch a comedy.

B) Go and see the dance.

C) Book the tickets online.

D) See a film with the man.

Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

12. A) Most of her schoolmates are younger than she is.

B) She simply has no idea what school to transfer to.

C) There are too many activities for her to cope with.

D) She worries she won"t fit in as a transfer student.

13. A) Seek advice from senior students.

B) Pick up some meaningful hobbies.

C) Participate in after-school activities.

D) Look into what the school offers.

14. A) Give her help whenever she needs it.

B) Accept her as a transfer student.

C) Find her accommodation on campus.

D) Introduce her to her roommates.

15. A) She has interests similar to Mr. Lee"s.

B) She has become friends with Catherine.

C) She has chosen the major Catherine has.

D) She has just transferred to the college.

Section C

Directions: In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.

Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.

16. A) To investigate how being overweight impacts on health.

B) To find out which physical drive is the most powerful.

C) To discover what most mice like to eat.

D) To determine what feelings mice have.

17. A) When they are hungry.

B) When they are thirsty.

C) When they smell food.

D) When they want company.

18. A) They search for food in groups.

B) They are overweight when food is plenty.

C) They prefer to be with other mice.

D) They enjoy the company of other animals.

Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.

19. A) Its construction started before World War I.

B) Its construction cost more than $ 40 billion.

C) It is efficiently used for transport.

D) It is one of the best in the world.

20. A) To improve transportation in the countryside.

B) To move troops quickly from place to place.

C) To enable people to travel at a higher speed.

D) To speed up the transportation of goods.

21. A) In the 1970s.

B) In the 1960s.

C) In the 1950s.

D) In the 1940s.

Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.

22. A) Chatting while driving.

B) Messaging while driving.

C) Driving under age.

D) Speeding on highways.

23. A) A gadget to hold a phone on the steering wheel.

B) A gadget to charge the phone in a car.

C) A device to control the speed of a vehicle.

D) A device to ensure people drive with both hands.

24. A) The car keeps flashing its headlights.

B) The car slows down gradually to a halt.

C) They are alerted with a light and a sound.

D) They get a warning on their smart phone.

25. A) Installing a camera.

B) Using a connected app.

C) Checking their emails.

D) Keeping a daily record.

Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)

Section A

Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.

An office tower on Miller Street in Manchester is completely covered in solar panels. They are used to create some of the energy used by the insurance company inside. When the tower was first 26 in 1962, it was covered with thin square stones. These small square stones became a problem for the building and continued to fall off the face for 40 years until a major renovation was 27 . During this renovation the building"s owners, CIS, 28 the solar panel company, Solarcentury. They agreed to cover the entire building in solar panels. In , the completed CIS tower became Europe"s largest 29 of vertical solar panels. A vertical solar project on such a large 30 has never been repeated since.

Covering a skyscraper with solar panels had never been done before, and the CIS tower was chosen as one of the “10 best green energy projects”. For a long time after this renovation project, it was the tallest building in the United Kingdom, but it was 31 overtaken by the Millbank Tower.

Green buildings like this aren"t 32 cost-efficient for the investor, but it does produce much less pollution than that caused by energy 33 through fossil fuels. As solar panels get 34 , the world is likely to see more skyscrapers covered in solar panels, collecting energy much like trees do. Imagine a world where building the tallest skyscraper wasn"t a race of 35 , but rather one to collect the most solar energy.

A) cheaper B) cleaner C) collection D) competed E) constructed F) consulted G) dimension H) discovered I) eventually J) height K) necessarily L) production M) range N) scale O) undertaken

Section B

Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.

Some College Students Are Angry That They Have to Pay to Do Their Homework

A) Digital learning systems now charge students for access codes needed to complete coursework, take quizzes, and turn in homework. As universities go digital, students are complaining of a new hit to their finances that"s replacing—and sometimes joining—expensive textbooks: pricey online access codes that are required to complete coursework and submit assignments.

B) The codes—which typically range in price from $ 80 to $ 155 per course—give students online access to systems developed by education companies like McGraw Hill and Pearson. These companies, which long reaped big profits as textbook publishers, have boasted that their new online offerings, when pushed to students through universities they partner with, represent the future of the industry.

C) But critics say the digital access codes represent the same profit-seeking ethos (观念) of the textbook business, and are even harder for students to opt out of. While they could once buy second-hand textbooks, or share copies with friends, the digital systems are essentially impossible to avoid.

D) “When we talk about the access code we see it as the new face of the textbook monopoly (垄断), a new way to lock students around this system,” said Ethan Senack, the higher education advocate for the U.S. Public Interest Research Group, to BuzzFeed News. “Rather than $250 (for a print textbook) you"re paying $ 120,” said Senack. “But because it"s all digital it eliminates the used book market and eliminates any sharing and because homework and tests are through an access code, it eliminates any ability to opt out.”

E) Sarina Harpet, a 19-year-old student at Virginia Tech, was faced with a tough dilemma when she first started college in —pay rent or pay to turn in her chemistry homework. She told BuzzFeed News that her freshman chemistry class required her to use Connect, a system provided by McGraw Hill where students can submit homework, take exams and track their grades. But the code to access the program cost $ 120—a big sum for Harper, who had already put down $ 450 for textbooks, and had rent day approaching.

F) She decided to wait for her next work-study paycheck, which was typically $ 150- $ 200, to pay for the code. She knew that her chemistry grade may take a dive as a result. “It"s a balancing act,” she said. “Can I really afford these access codes now?” She didn"t hand in her first two assignments for chemistry, which started her out in the class with a failing grade.

G) The access codes may be another financial headache for students, but for textbook businesses, they"re the future. McGraw Hill, which controls 21% of the higher education market, reported in March that its digital content sales exceeded print sales for the first time in 2015. The company said that 45% of its $ 140 million revenue in 2015 “was derived from digital products.”

H) A Pearson spokesperson told BuzzFeed News that “digital materials are less expensive and a good investment” that offer new features, like audio texts, personalized knowledge checks and expert videos. Its digital course materials save students up to 60% compared to traditional printed textbooks, the company added. McGraw Hill didn"t respond to a request for comment, but its CEO David Levin told the Financial Times in August that “in higher education, the era of the printed textbook is now over.”

I) The textbook industry insists the online systems represent a better deal for students. “These digital products aren"t just mechanisms for students to submit homework, they offer all kinds of features,” David Anderson, the executive director of higher education with the Association of American Publishers, told BuzzFeed News. “It helps students understand in a way that you can"t do with print homework assignments.”

J) David Hunt, an associate professor in sociology at Augusta University, which has rolled out digital textbooks across its math and psychology departments, told BuzzFeed News that he understands the utility of using systems that require access codes. But he doesn"t require his students to buy access to a learning program that controls the class assignments. “I try to make things as inexpensive as possible,” said Hunt, who uses free digital textbooks for his classes but designs his own curriculum. “The online systems may make my life a lot easier but I feel like I"m giving up control. The discussions are the things where my expertise can benefit the students most.”

K) A 20-year-old junior at Georgia Southern University told BuzzFeed News that she normally spends $ 500-$ 600 on access codes for class. In one case, the professor didn"t require students to buy a textbook, just an access code to turn in homework. This year she said she spent $ 900 on access codes to books and programs. “That"s two months of rent,” she said. “You can"t sell any of it back. With a traditional textbook you can sell it for $ 30 - $ 50 and that helps to pay for your new semester"s books. With an access code, you"re out of that money. ”

L) Benjamin Wolverton, a 19-year-old student at the University of South Carolina, told BuzzFeed News that “it"s ridiculous that after paying tens of thousands in tuition we have to pay for all these access codes to do our homework.” Many of the access codes he"s purchased have been required simply to complete homework or quizzes. “Often it"s only 10% of your grade in class.” he said. “You"re paying so much money for something that hardly affects your grade—but if you didn"t have it, it would affect your grades enough. It would be bad to start out at a B or C.” Wolverton said he spent $ 500 on access codes for digital books and programs this semester.

M) Harper, a poultry (家禽) science major, is taking chemistry again this year and had to buy a new access code to hand in her homework. She rented her economics and statistics textbooks for about $ 20 each. But her access codes for homework, which can"t be rented or bought second-hand, were her most expensive purchases: $ 120 and $ 85.

N) She still remembers the sting of her first experience skipping an assignment due to the high prices. “We don"t really have a missed assignment policy,” she said. “If you miss it, you just miss it. I just got zeros on a couple of first assignments. I managed to pull everything back up. But as a scared freshman looking at their grades, it"s not fun.”

36. A student"s yearly expenses on access codes may amount to their rent for two months.

37. The online access codes may be seen as a way to tie the students to the digital system.

38. If a student takes a course again, they may have to buy a new access code to submit their assignments.

39. McGraw Hill accounts for over one-fifth of the market share of college textbooks.

40. Many traditional textbook publishers are now offering online digital products, which they believe will be the future of the publishing business.

41. One student complained that they now had to pay for access codes in addition to the high tuition.

42. Digital materials can cost students less than half the price of traditional printed books according to a publisher.

43. One student decided not to buy her access code until she received the pay for her part-time job.

44. Online systems may deprive teachers of opportunities to make the best use of their expertise for their students.

45. Digital access codes are criticized because they are profit-driven just like the textbook business.

Section C

Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

Passage One

Questions 46 and 50 are based on the following passage.

Losing your ability to think and remember is pretty scary. We know the risk of dementia (痴呆症) increases with age. But if you have memory slips, you probably needn"t worry. There are pretty clear differences between signs of dementia and age-related memory loss.

After age 50, it"s quite common to have trouble remembering the names of people, places and things quickly, says Dr. Kirk Daffner of Brigham and Women"s Hospital in Boston.

The brain ages just like the rest of the body. Certain parts shrink, especially areas in the brain that are important to learning, memory and planning. Changes in brain cells can affect communication between different regions of the brain. And blood flow can be reduced as blood vessels narrow.

Forgetting the name of an actor in a favorite movie, for example, is nothing to worry about. But if you forget the plot of the movie or don"t remember even seeing it, that"s far more concerning, Daffner says.

When you forget entire experiences, he says, that"s “a red flag that something more serious may be involved.” Forgetting how to operate a familiar object like a microwave oven, or forgetting how to drive to the house of a friend you"ve visited many times before can also be signs of something going wrong.

But even then, Daffner says, people shouldn"t panic. There are many things that can cause confusion and memory loss, including health problems like temporary stoppage of breathing during sleep, high blood pressure, or depression, as well as medications (药物) like antidepressants.

You don"t have to figure this out on your own. Daffner suggests going to your doctor to check on medications, health problems and other issues that could be affecting memory. And the best defense against memory loss is to try to prevent it by building up your brain"s cognitive (认知的) reserve, Daffner says.

“Read books, go to movies, take on new hobbies or activities that force one to think in novel ways,” he says. In other words, keep your brain busy and working. And also get physically active, because exercise is a known brain booster.

46. Why does the author say that one needn"t be concerned about memory slips?

A) Not all of them are symptoms of dementia.

B) They occur only among certain groups of people.

C) Not all of them are related to one"s age.

D) They are quite common among fifty-year-olds.

47. What happens as we become aged according to the passage?

A) Our interaction skills deteriorate.

B) Some parts of our brain stop functioning.

C) Communication within our brain weakens.

D) Our whole brain starts shrinking.

48. Which memory-related symptom should people take seriously?

A) Totally forgetting how to do one"s daily routines.

B) Inability to recall details of one"s life experiences.

C) Failure to remember the names of movies or actors.

D) Occasionally confusing the addresses of one"s friends.

49. What should people do when signs of serious memory loss show up?

A) Check the brain"s cognitive reserve.

B) Stop medications affecting memory.

C) Turn to a professional for assistance.

D) Exercise to improve their well-being.

50. What is Dr. Daffner"s advice for combating memory loss?

A) Having regular physical and mental checkups.

B) Taking medicine that helps boost one"s brain.

C) Engaging in known memory repair activities.

D) Staying active both physically and mentally.

Passage Two

Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.

A letter written by Charles Darwin in 1875 has been returned to the Smithsonian Institution Archives (档案馆) by the FBI after being stolen twice.

“We realized in the mid-1970s that it was missing,” says Effie Kapsalis, head of the Smithsonian Insitution Archives. “It was noted as missing and likely taken by an intern (实习生), from what the FBI is telling us. Word got out that it was missing when someone asked to see the letter for research purposes,” and the intern put the letter back. “The intern likely took the letter again once nobody was watching it.”

Decades passed. Finally, the FBI received a tip that the stolen document was located very close to Washington, D.C. Their art crime team recovered the letter but were unable to press charges because the time of limitations had ended. The FBI worked closely with the Archives to determine that the letter was both authentic and definitely Smithsonian"s property.

The letter was written by Darwin to thank an American geologist, Dr. Ferdinand Vandeveer Hayden, for sending him copies of his research into the geology of the region that would become Yellowstone National Park.

The letter is in fairly good condition, in spite of being out of the care of trained museum staff for so long. “It was luckily in good shape,” says Kapsalis, “and we just have to do some minor things in order to be able to unfold it. It has some glue on it that has colored it slightly, but nothing that will prevent us from using it. After it is repaired, we will take digital photos of it and that will be available online. One of our goals is to get items of high research value or interest to the public online.”

It would now be difficult for an intern, visitor or a thief to steal a document like this. “Archiving practices have changed greatly since the 1970s,” says Kapsalis, “and we keep our high value documents in a safe that I don"t even have access to.”

51. What happened to Darwin"s letter in the 1970s?

A) It was recovered by the FBI.

B) It was stolen more than once.

C) It was put in the archives for research purposes.

D) It was purchased by the Smithsonian Archives.

52. What did the FBI do after the recovery of the letter?

A) They proved its authenticity.

B) They kept it in a special safe.

C) They arrested the suspect immediately.

D) They pressed criminal charges in vain.

53. What is Darwin"s letter about?

A) The evolution of Yellowstone National Park.

B) His cooperation with an American geologist.

C) Some geological evidence supporting his theory.

D) His acknowledgement of help from a professional.

54. What will the Smithsonian Institution Archives do with the letter according to Kapsalis?

A) Reserve it for research purposes only.

B) Turn it into an object of high interest.

C) Keep it a permanent secret.

D) Make it available online.

55. What has the past half century witnessed according to Kapsalis?

A) Growing interest in rare art objects.

B) Radical changes in archiving practices.

C) Recovery of various missing documents.

D) Increases in the value of museum exhibits.

Part IV Translation (30 minutes)

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.

过去，乘飞机出行对大多数中国人来说是难以想象的。如今，随着经济的发展和生活水平的提高，越来越多的中国人包括许多农民和外出务工人员都能乘飞机出行。他们可以乘飞机到达所有大城市，还有很多城市也在筹建机场。航空服务不断改进，而且经常会有廉价机票。近年来，节假日期间选择乘飞机外出旅游的人数在不断增加。

四级部分真题参考答案(完整版)

Part Ⅰ Writing

The Importance of Reading Ability and How to Develop It

As the most frequently used way to get access to the original material, reading has always been considered one of the most important parts of language learning. This explains why reading skills should be highly emphasized.

Then how to improve our reading skills? First of all, scan the material before we begin. Whatever the purpose of our reading is, take a few minutes to look the piece over to check and see how the work is structured and presented. Secondly, try not to reach for the dictionary when we come to a word we don"t know. Instead, try to guess the meaning of the word based on the context. Last but not least, write a few sentences to summarize what we"ve read since it is a way of checking that we understand what we"re reading.

Above all, reading has important benefits and can help us learn the language faster and more completely, which encourages each language learner to develop their reading skills as suggested.

Part Ⅱ Listening Comprehension

1. A) The return of a bottled message to its owner"s daughter.

2. B) She wanted to honor her father"s promise.

3. B) Several cases of Zika disease had been identified.

4. C) It lost a huge stock of bees.

5. A) It stayed in the air for about two hours.

6. C) Inadequate funding.

7. D) It is more environmentally friendly.

8. A) It seems a depressing topic.

9. D) They can"t make it to the theatre in time.

10. C) It is the most amusing show he has ever watched.

11. B) Go and see the dance.

12. D) She worries she won"t fit in as a transfer student.

13. C) Participate in after-school activities.

14. A) Give her help whenever she needs it.

15. D) She has just transferred to the college.

16. B) To find out which physical drive is the most powerful.

17. A) When they are hungry.

18. C) They prefer to be with other mice.

19. D) It is one of the best in the world.

20. B) To move troops quickly from place to place.

21. A) In the 1970s.

22. B) Messaging while driving.

23. D) A device to ensure people drive with both hands.

24. C) They are alerted with a light and a sound.

25. B) Using a connected app.

Part III Reading Comprehension

26-35: EOFCN IKLAJ

36-45: KDMGB LHFJC

46-55: ACACD BADDB

Part IV Translation

In the past, traveling by plane was unimaginable for most Chinese people. Today, with the development of China"s economy and the improvement of people"s living standards, more and more Chinese people, including many farmers and migrant workers, can travel by air. They can fly to all major cities, and many other cities are also planning to build airports. Air services continue to improve, and there are often cheap flights. In recent years, the number of people choosing to travel by air during holidays has been increasing.

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